Kernel: Push ARCH specific ifdef's down into RegisterState functions

The non CPU specific code of the kernel shouldn't need to deal with
architecture specific registers, and should instead deal with an
abstract view of the machine. This allows us to remove a variety of
architecture specific ifdefs and helps keep the code slightly more
portable.

We do this by exposing the abstract representation of instruction
pointer, stack pointer, base pointer, return register, etc on the
RegisterState struct.

Kernel/Arch/x86/RegisterState.h

@@ -67,6 +67,75 @@ struct [[gnu::packed]] RegisterState {
     FlatPtr userspace_rsp;
     FlatPtr userspace_ss;
 #endif
+
+    FlatPtr userspace_sp() const
+    {
+#if ARCH(I386)
+        return userspace_esp;
+#else
+        return userspace_rsp;
+#endif
+    }
+
+    FlatPtr ip() const
+    {
+#if ARCH(I386)
+        return eip;
+#else
+        return rip;
+#endif
+    }
+
+    FlatPtr bp() const
+    {
+#if ARCH(I386)
+        return ebp;
+#else
+        return rbp;
+#endif
+    }
+
+    FlatPtr flags() const
+    {
+#if ARCH(I386)
+        return eflags;
+#else
+        return rflags;
+#endif
+    }
+
+    void capture_syscall_params(FlatPtr& function, FlatPtr& arg1, FlatPtr& arg2, FlatPtr& arg3) const
+    {
+#if ARCH(I386)
+        function = eax;
+        arg1 = edx;
+        arg2 = ecx;
+        arg3 = ebx;
+#else
+        function = rax;
+        arg1 = rdx;
+        arg2 = rcx;
+        arg3 = rbx;
+#endif
+    }
+
+    void set_ip_reg(FlatPtr value)
+    {
+#if ARCH(I386)
+        eip = value;
+#else
+        rip = value;
+#endif
+    }
+
+    void set_return_reg(FlatPtr value)
+    {
+#if ARCH(I386)
+        eax = value;
+#else
+        rax = value;
+#endif
+    }
 };
 
 #if ARCH(I386)

Kernel/Arch/x86/common/Interrupts.cpp

@@ -228,13 +228,7 @@ void handle_crash(RegisterState& regs, const char* description, int signal, bool
         PANIC("Crash in ring 0");
     }
 
-    FlatPtr ip;
+    process->crash(signal, regs.ip(), out_of_memory);
-#if ARCH(I386)
-    ip = regs.eip;
-#else
-    ip = regs.rip;
-#endif
-    process->crash(signal, ip, out_of_memory);
 }
 
 EH_ENTRY_NO_CODE(6, illegal_instruction);
@@ -316,12 +310,7 @@ void page_fault_handler(TrapFrame* trap)
             current_thread->set_handling_page_fault(false);
     };
 
-    VirtualAddress userspace_sp;
+    VirtualAddress userspace_sp = VirtualAddress { regs.userspace_sp() };
-#if ARCH(I386)
-    userspace_sp = VirtualAddress { regs.userspace_esp };
-#else
-    userspace_sp = VirtualAddress { regs.userspace_rsp };
-#endif
     if (!faulted_in_kernel && !MM.validate_user_stack(current_thread->process(), userspace_sp)) {
         dbgln("Invalid stack pointer: {}", userspace_sp);
         handle_crash(regs, "Bad stack on page fault", SIGSTKFLT);

Kernel/Arch/x86/common/Processor.cpp

@@ -546,14 +546,7 @@ Vector<FlatPtr> Processor::capture_stack_trace(Thread& thread, size_t max_frames
             // to be ebp.
             ProcessPagingScope paging_scope(thread.process());
             auto& regs = thread.regs();
-            FlatPtr* stack_top;
+            FlatPtr* stack_top = reinterpret_cast<FlatPtr*>(regs.sp());
-            FlatPtr sp;
-#if ARCH(I386)
-            sp = regs.esp;
-#else
-            sp = regs.rsp;
-#endif
-            stack_top = reinterpret_cast<FlatPtr*>(sp);
             if (is_user_range(VirtualAddress(stack_top), sizeof(FlatPtr))) {
                 if (!copy_from_user(&frame_ptr, &((FlatPtr*)stack_top)[0]))
                     frame_ptr = 0;
@@ -562,11 +555,9 @@ Vector<FlatPtr> Processor::capture_stack_trace(Thread& thread, size_t max_frames
                 if (!safe_memcpy(&frame_ptr, &((FlatPtr*)stack_top)[0], sizeof(FlatPtr), fault_at))
                     frame_ptr = 0;
             }
-#if ARCH(I386)
+
-            ip = regs.eip;
+            ip = regs.ip();
-#else
+
-            ip = regs.rip;
-#endif
             // TODO: We need to leave the scheduler lock here, but we also
             //       need to prevent the target thread from being run while
             //       we walk the stack
@@ -1222,12 +1213,7 @@ extern "C" void context_first_init([[maybe_unused]] Thread* from_thread, [[maybe
     // the scheduler lock. We don't want to enable interrupts at this point
     // as we're still in the middle of a context switch. Doing so could
     // trigger a context switch within a context switch, leading to a crash.
-    FlatPtr flags;
+    FlatPtr flags = trap->regs->flags();
-#if ARCH(I386)
-    flags = trap->regs->eflags;
-#else
-    flags = trap->regs->rflags;
-#endif
     Scheduler::leave_on_first_switch(flags & ~0x200);
 }
 

Kernel/Arch/x86/common/SafeMem.cpp

@@ -261,12 +261,8 @@ NEVER_INLINE Optional<bool> safe_atomic_compare_exchange_relaxed(volatile u32* v
 
 bool handle_safe_access_fault(RegisterState& regs, FlatPtr fault_address)
 {
-    FlatPtr ip;
+    FlatPtr ip = regs.ip();
-#if ARCH(I386)
+    ;
-    ip = regs.eip;
-#else
-    ip = regs.rip;
-#endif
     if (ip >= (FlatPtr)&start_of_safemem_text && ip < (FlatPtr)&end_of_safemem_text) {
         // If we detect that the fault happened in safe_memcpy() safe_strnlen(),
         // or safe_memset() then resume at the appropriate _faulted label

Kernel/Scheduler.cpp

@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ bool Scheduler::pick_next()
         dbgln("Scheduler[{}]: Switch to {} @ {:04x}:{:08x}",
             Processor::id(),
             thread_to_schedule,
-            thread_to_schedule.regs().cs, thread_to_schedule.regs().eip);
+            thread_to_schedule.regs().cs, thread_to_schedule.regs().ip());
 #else
         dbgln("Scheduler[{}]: Switch to {} @ {:04x}:{:016x}",
             Processor::id(),
@@ -295,13 +295,16 @@ bool Scheduler::context_switch(Thread* thread)
             from_thread->set_state(Thread::Runnable);
 
 #ifdef LOG_EVERY_CONTEXT_SWITCH
+        const auto msg =
 #    if ARCH(I386)
-        dbgln("Scheduler[{}]: {} -> {} [prio={}] {:04x}:{:08x}", Processor::id(), from_thread->tid().value(),
+            "Scheduler[{}]: {} -> {} [prio={}] {:04x}:{:08x}";
-            thread->tid().value(), thread->priority(), thread->regs().cs, thread->regs().eip);
 #    else
-        dbgln("Scheduler[{}]: {} -> {} [prio={}] {:04x}:{:16x}", Processor::id(), from_thread->tid().value(),
+            "Scheduler[{}]: {} -> {} [prio={}] {:04x}:{:16x}";
-            thread->tid().value(), thread->priority(), thread->regs().cs, thread->regs().rip);
 #    endif
+
+        dbgln(msg,
+            Processor::id(), from_thread->tid().value(),
+            thread->tid().value(), thread->priority(), thread->regs().cs, thread->regs().ip());
 #endif
     }
 
@@ -322,14 +325,8 @@ bool Scheduler::context_switch(Thread* thread)
     VERIFY(thread == Thread::current());
 
     if (thread->process().is_user_process()) {
-        FlatPtr flags;
         auto& regs = Thread::current()->get_register_dump_from_stack();
-#if ARCH(I386)
+        auto iopl = get_iopl_from_eflags(regs.flags());
-        flags = regs.eflags;
-#else
-        flags = regs.rflags;
-#endif
-        auto iopl = get_iopl_from_eflags(flags);
         if (iopl != 0) {
             PANIC("Switched to thread {} with non-zero IOPL={}", Thread::current()->tid().value(), iopl);
         }
@@ -604,15 +601,9 @@ void dump_thread_list(bool with_stack_traces)
     };
 
     auto get_eip = [](Thread& thread) -> u32 {
-#if ARCH(I386)
         if (!thread.current_trap())
-            return thread.regs().eip;
+            return thread.regs().ip();
-        return thread.get_register_dump_from_stack().eip;
+        return thread.get_register_dump_from_stack().ip();
-#else
-        if (!thread.current_trap())
-            return thread.regs().rip;
-        return thread.get_register_dump_from_stack().rip;
-#endif
     };
 
     Thread::for_each([&](Thread& thread) {

Kernel/Syscall.cpp

@@ -107,11 +107,7 @@ KResultOr<FlatPtr> handle(RegisterState& regs, FlatPtr function, FlatPtr arg1, F
         // These syscalls need special handling since they never return to the caller.
 
         if (auto* tracer = process.tracer(); tracer && tracer->is_tracing_syscalls()) {
-#if ARCH(I386)
+            regs.set_return_reg(0);
-            regs.eax = 0;
-#else
-            regs.rax = 0;
-#endif
             tracer->set_trace_syscalls(false);
             process.tracer_trap(*current_thread, regs); // this triggers SIGTRAP and stops the thread!
         }
@@ -232,31 +228,17 @@ NEVER_INLINE void syscall_handler(TrapFrame* trap)
         handle_crash(regs, "Syscall from non-syscall region", SIGSEGV);
     }
 
-#if ARCH(I386)
+    FlatPtr function;
-    auto function = regs.eax;
+    FlatPtr arg1;
-    auto arg1 = regs.edx;
+    FlatPtr arg2;
-    auto arg2 = regs.ecx;
+    FlatPtr arg3;
-    auto arg3 = regs.ebx;
+    regs.capture_syscall_params(function, arg1, arg2, arg3);
-#else
-    auto function = regs.rax;
-    auto arg1 = regs.rdx;
-    auto arg2 = regs.rcx;
-    auto arg3 = regs.rbx;
-#endif
 
     auto result = Syscall::handle(regs, function, arg1, arg2, arg3);
     if (result.is_error()) {
-#if ARCH(I386)
+        regs.set_return_reg(result.error());
-        regs.eax = result.error();
-#else
-        regs.rax = result.error();
-#endif
     } else {
-#if ARCH(I386)
+        regs.set_return_reg(result.value());
-        regs.eax = result.value();
-#else
-        regs.rax = result.value();
-#endif
     }
 
     process.big_lock().unlock();

Kernel/Syscalls/get_stack_bounds.cpp

@@ -13,12 +13,7 @@ namespace Kernel {
 KResultOr<FlatPtr> Process::sys$get_stack_bounds(Userspace<FlatPtr*> user_stack_base, Userspace<size_t*> user_stack_size)
 {
     auto& regs = Thread::current()->get_register_dump_from_stack();
-    FlatPtr stack_pointer;
+    FlatPtr stack_pointer = regs.userspace_sp();
-#if ARCH(I386)
-    stack_pointer = regs.userspace_esp;
-#else
-    stack_pointer = regs.userspace_rsp;
-#endif
     auto* stack_region = space().find_region_containing(Range { VirtualAddress(stack_pointer), 1 });
 
     // The syscall handler should have killed us if we had an invalid stack pointer.

Kernel/Thread.cpp

@@ -1028,16 +1028,12 @@ DispatchSignalResult Thread::dispatch_signal(u8 signal)
     auto& regs = get_register_dump_from_stack();
     setup_stack(regs);
     auto signal_trampoline_addr = process.signal_trampoline().get();
-#if ARCH(I386)
+    regs.set_ip_reg(signal_trampoline_addr);
-    regs.eip = signal_trampoline_addr;
-#else
-    regs.rip = signal_trampoline_addr;
-#endif
 
 #if ARCH(I386)
-    dbgln_if(SIGNAL_DEBUG, "Thread in state '{}' has been primed with signal handler {:04x}:{:08x} to deliver {}", state_string(), m_regs.cs, m_regs.eip, signal);
+    dbgln_if(SIGNAL_DEBUG, "Thread in state '{}' has been primed with signal handler {:04x}:{:08x} to deliver {}", state_string(), m_regs.cs, m_regs.ip(), signal);
 #else
-    dbgln_if(SIGNAL_DEBUG, "Thread in state '{}' has been primed with signal handler {:04x}:{:16x} to deliver {}", state_string(), m_regs.cs, m_regs.rip, signal);
+    dbgln_if(SIGNAL_DEBUG, "Thread in state '{}' has been primed with signal handler {:04x}:{:16x} to deliver {}", state_string(), m_regs.cs, m_regs.ip(), signal);
 #endif
 
     return DispatchSignalResult::Continue;

Kernel/Thread.h

@@ -108,6 +108,24 @@ struct ThreadRegisters {
     FlatPtr rflags;
 #endif
     FlatPtr cr3;
+
+    FlatPtr ip() const
+    {
+#if ARCH(I386)
+        return eip;
+#else
+        return rip;
+#endif
+    }
+
+    FlatPtr sp() const
+    {
+#if ARCH(I386)
+        return esp;
+#else
+        return rsp;
+#endif
+    }
 };
 
 class Thread