LibSQL: Basic dynamic value classes for SQL Storage layer

This patch adds the basic dynamic value classes used by the SQL Storage
layer. The most elementary class is Value, which holds a typed Value
which can be converted to standard C++ types. A Tuple is a collection
of Values described by a TupleDescriptor, which specifies the names,
types, and ordering of the elements in the Tuple.

Tuples and Values can be serialized and deserialized to and from
ByteBuffers. This is mechanism which is used to save them to disk.

Tuples are used as keys in SQL indexes and rows in SQL tables.

Also included is a test file.

Tests/LibSQL/TestSqlValueAndTuple.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, Jan de Visser <jan@de-visser.net>
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
+ */
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <LibSQL/Meta.h>
+#include <LibSQL/Row.h>
+#include <LibSQL/Tuple.h>
+#include <LibSQL/Value.h>
+#include <LibTest/TestCase.h>
+
+TEST_CASE(text_value)
+{
+    SQL::Value v(SQL::SQLType::Text);
+    v = "Test";
+    VERIFY(v.to_string().value() == "Test");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(text_value_to_int)
+{
+    SQL::Value v(SQL::SQLType::Text);
+    v = "42";
+    EXPECT_EQ(v.to_int().value(), 42);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(text_value_to_int_crash)
+{
+    SQL::Value v(SQL::SQLType::Text);
+    v = "Test";
+    EXPECT_CRASH("Can't convert 'Test' to integer", [&]() { (void) (int) v; return Test::Crash::Failure::DidNotCrash; });
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(serialize_text_value)
+{
+    SQL::Value v(SQL::SQLType::Text);
+    v = "Test";
+    VERIFY(v.to_string().value() == "Test");
+
+    ByteBuffer buffer;
+    v.serialize(buffer);
+
+    size_t offset = 0;
+    SQL::Value v2(SQL::SQLType::Text, buffer, offset);
+    VERIFY((String)v2 == "Test");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(integer_value)
+{
+    SQL::Value v(SQL::SQLType::Integer);
+    v = 42;
+    VERIFY(v.to_int().value() == 42);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(serialize_int_value)
+{
+    SQL::Value v(SQL::SQLType::Text);
+    v = 42;
+    VERIFY(v.to_int().value() == 42);
+
+    ByteBuffer buffer;
+    v.serialize(buffer);
+
+    size_t offset = 0;
+    SQL::Value v2(SQL::SQLType::Text, buffer, offset);
+    VERIFY(v2 == v);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(float_value)
+{
+    SQL::Value v(SQL::SQLType::Float);
+    v = 3.14;
+    VERIFY(v.to_double().value() - 3.14 < 0.001);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(assign_text_value_to_int)
+{
+    SQL::Value text(SQL::SQLType::Text);
+    text = "42";
+    SQL::Value integer(SQL::SQLType::Integer);
+    integer = text;
+    EXPECT_EQ(integer.to_int().value(), 42);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(assign_int_to_text_value)
+{
+    SQL::Value text(SQL::SQLType::Text);
+    text = 42;
+    EXPECT_EQ((String)text, "42");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(copy_value)
+{
+    SQL::Value text(SQL::SQLType::Text);
+    text = 42;
+    SQL::Value copy(text);
+    EXPECT_EQ((String)copy, "42");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(compare_text_to_int)
+{
+    SQL::Value text(SQL::SQLType::Text);
+    text = 42;
+    SQL::Value integer(SQL::SQLType::Integer);
+    integer = 42;
+    EXPECT(text == integer);
+    EXPECT(integer == text);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(order_text_values)
+{
+    SQL::Value v1(SQL::SQLType::Text);
+    v1 = "Test_A";
+    SQL::Value v2(SQL::SQLType::Text);
+    v2 = "Test_B";
+    EXPECT(v1 <= v2);
+    EXPECT(v1 < v2);
+    EXPECT(v2 >= v1);
+    EXPECT(v2 > v1);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(order_int_values)
+{
+    SQL::Value v1(SQL::SQLType::Integer);
+    v1 = 12;
+    SQL::Value v2(SQL::SQLType::Integer);
+    v2 = 42;
+    EXPECT(v1 <= v2);
+    EXPECT(v1 < v2);
+    EXPECT(v2 >= v1);
+    EXPECT(v2 > v1);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(tuple)
+{
+    SQL::TupleDescriptor descriptor;
+    descriptor.append({ "col1", SQL::SQLType::Text, SQL::Order::Ascending });
+    descriptor.append({ "col2", SQL::SQLType::Integer, SQL::Order::Descending });
+    SQL::Tuple tuple(descriptor);
+
+    tuple["col1"] = "Test";
+    tuple["col2"] = 42;
+    VERIFY(tuple[0] == "Test");
+    VERIFY(tuple[1] == 42);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(serialize_tuple)
+{
+    SQL::TupleDescriptor descriptor;
+    descriptor.append({ "col1", SQL::SQLType::Text, SQL::Order::Ascending });
+    descriptor.append({ "col2", SQL::SQLType::Integer, SQL::Order::Descending });
+    SQL::Tuple tuple(descriptor);
+
+    tuple["col1"] = "Test";
+    tuple["col2"] = 42;
+
+    auto buffer = ByteBuffer();
+    tuple.serialize(buffer);
+    EXPECT_EQ((String)tuple[0], "Test");
+    EXPECT_EQ((int)tuple[1], 42);
+
+    size_t offset = 0;
+    SQL::Tuple tuple2(descriptor, buffer, offset);
+    VERIFY(tuple2[0] == "Test");
+    VERIFY(tuple2[1] == 42);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(copy_tuple)
+{
+    SQL::TupleDescriptor descriptor;
+    descriptor.append({ "col1", SQL::SQLType::Text, SQL::Order::Ascending });
+    descriptor.append({ "col2", SQL::SQLType::Integer, SQL::Order::Descending });
+    SQL::Tuple tuple(descriptor);
+
+    tuple["col1"] = "Test";
+    tuple["col2"] = 42;
+
+    SQL::Tuple copy;
+    copy = tuple;
+    VERIFY(tuple == copy);
+
+    SQL::Tuple copy_2(copy);
+    VERIFY(tuple == copy_2);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE(compare_tuples)
+{
+    SQL::TupleDescriptor descriptor;
+    descriptor.append({ "col1", SQL::SQLType::Text, SQL::Order::Ascending });
+    descriptor.append({ "col2", SQL::SQLType::Integer, SQL::Order::Descending });
+
+    SQL::Tuple tuple1(descriptor);
+    tuple1["col1"] = "Test";
+    tuple1["col2"] = 42;
+
+    SQL::Tuple tuple2(descriptor);
+    tuple2["col1"] = "Test";
+    tuple2["col2"] = 12;
+
+    SQL::Tuple tuple3(descriptor);
+    tuple3["col1"] = "Text";
+    tuple3["col2"] = 12;
+
+    EXPECT(tuple1 <= tuple2);
+    EXPECT(tuple1 < tuple2);
+    EXPECT(tuple2 >= tuple1);
+    EXPECT(tuple2 > tuple1);
+
+    EXPECT(tuple1 <= tuple3);
+    EXPECT(tuple1 < tuple3);
+    EXPECT(tuple3 >= tuple1);
+    EXPECT(tuple3 > tuple1);
+}