AK: Add BuiltinWrappers.h

The goal of this file is to enable C++ overloaded functions for
standard builtin functions that we use. It contains fallback
implementations for systems that do not have the builtins available.

AK/BuiltinWrappers.h

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, Nick Johnson <sylvyrfysh@gmail.com>
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "Concepts.h"
+#include "Platform.h"
+
+template<Unsigned IntType>
+inline constexpr int popcount(IntType value)
+{
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+    static_assert(sizeof(IntType) <= sizeof(unsigned long long));
+    if constexpr (sizeof(IntType) <= sizeof(unsigned int))
+        return __builtin_popcount(value);
+    if constexpr (sizeof(IntType) == sizeof(unsigned long))
+        return __builtin_popcountl(value);
+    if constexpr (sizeof(IntType) == sizeof(unsigned long long))
+        return __builtin_popcountll(value);
+    VERIFY_NOT_REACHED();
+#else
+    int ones = 0;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < 8 * sizeof(IntType); ++i) {
+        if ((val >> i) & 1) {
+            ++ones;
+        }
+    }
+    return ones;
+#endif
+}
+
+// The function will return the number of trailing zeroes in the type. If
+// the given number if zero, this function may contain undefined
+// behavior, or it may return the number of bits in the number. If
+// this function can be called with zero, the use of
+// count_trailing_zeroes_safe is preferred.
+template<Unsigned IntType>
+inline constexpr int count_trailing_zeroes(IntType value)
+{
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+    static_assert(sizeof(IntType) <= sizeof(unsigned long long));
+    if constexpr (sizeof(IntType) <= sizeof(unsigned int))
+        return __builtin_ctz(value);
+    if constexpr (sizeof(IntType) == sizeof(unsigned long))
+        return __builtin_ctzl(value);
+    if constexpr (sizeof(IntType) == sizeof(unsigned long long))
+        return __builtin_ctzll(value);
+    VERIFY_NOT_REACHED();
+#else
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < 8 * sizeof(IntType); ++i) {
+        if ((val >> i) & 1) {
+            return i;
+        }
+    }
+    return 8 * sizeof(IntType);
+#endif
+}
+
+// The function will return the number of trailing zeroes in the type. If
+// the given number is zero, this function will return the number of bits
+// bits in the IntType.
+template<Unsigned IntType>
+inline constexpr int count_trailing_zeroes_safe(IntType value)
+{
+    if (value == 0)
+        return 8 * sizeof(IntType);
+    return count_trailing_zeroes(value);
+}
+
+// The function will return the number of leading zeroes in the type. If
+// the given number if zero, this function may contain undefined
+// behavior, or it may return the number of bits in the number. If
+// this function can be called with zero, the use of
+// count_leading_zeroes_safe is preferred.
+template<Unsigned IntType>
+inline constexpr int count_leading_zeroes(IntType value)
+{
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+    static_assert(sizeof(IntType) <= sizeof(unsigned long long));
+    if constexpr (sizeof(IntType) <= sizeof(unsigned int))
+        return __builtin_clz(value) - (32 - (8 * sizeof(IntType)));
+    if constexpr (sizeof(IntType) == sizeof(unsigned long))
+        return __builtin_clzl(value);
+    if constexpr (sizeof(IntType) == sizeof(unsigned long long))
+        return __builtin_clzll(value);
+    VERIFY_NOT_REACHED();
+#else
+    // Wrap around, catch going past zero by noticing that i is greater than the number of bits in the number
+    for (size_t i = (8 * sizeof(IntType)) - 1; i < 8 * sizeof(IntType); --i) {
+        if ((val >> i) & 1) {
+            return i;
+        }
+    }
+    return 8 * sizeof(IntType);
+#endif
+}
+
+// The function will return the number of leading zeroes in the type. If
+// the given number is zero, this function will return the number of bits
+// in the IntType.
+template<Unsigned IntType>
+inline constexpr int count_leading_zeroes_safe(IntType value)
+{
+    if (value == 0)
+        return 8 * sizeof(IntType);
+    return count_leading_zeroes(value);
+}