Kernel: Add KLexicalPath

This adds KLexicalPath, which are a few static functions which aim to
mostly emulate AK::LexicalPath. They are however constrained to work
with absolute paths only, containing no '.' or '..' path segments and no
consecutive slashes. This way, it is possible to avoid use StringView
for the return values and thus avoid allocating new String objects.

As explained above, the functions are currently very strict about the
allowed input paths. This seems to not be a problem currently. Since the
functions VERIFY this, potential bugs caused by this will become
immediately obvious.

Kernel/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ set(KERNEL_SOURCES
     Interrupts/SpuriousInterruptHandler.cpp
     Interrupts/UnhandledInterruptHandler.cpp
     KBufferBuilder.cpp
+    KLexicalPath.cpp
     KString.cpp
     KSyms.cpp
     Lock.cpp