diff --git a/Tests/LibGfx/TestImageDecoder.cpp b/Tests/LibGfx/TestImageDecoder.cpp
index f800ae0316..deeb1439a0 100644
--- a/Tests/LibGfx/TestImageDecoder.cpp
+++ b/Tests/LibGfx/TestImageDecoder.cpp
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@ TEST_CASE(test_ilbm_malformed_header)
 TEST_CASE(test_ilbm_malformed_frame)
 {
     Array test_inputs = {
+        TEST_INPUT("ilbm/incorrect-uncompressed-size.iff"sv),
         TEST_INPUT("ilbm/missing-body-chunk.iff"sv)
     };
 
diff --git a/Tests/LibGfx/test-inputs/ilbm/incorrect-uncompressed-size.iff b/Tests/LibGfx/test-inputs/ilbm/incorrect-uncompressed-size.iff
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..80e47cf43a
Binary files /dev/null and b/Tests/LibGfx/test-inputs/ilbm/incorrect-uncompressed-size.iff differ
diff --git a/Userland/Libraries/LibGfx/ImageFormats/ILBMLoader.cpp b/Userland/Libraries/LibGfx/ImageFormats/ILBMLoader.cpp
index 119a5fd866..83ad61110a 100644
--- a/Userland/Libraries/LibGfx/ImageFormats/ILBMLoader.cpp
+++ b/Userland/Libraries/LibGfx/ImageFormats/ILBMLoader.cpp
@@ -176,7 +176,14 @@ static ErrorOr<ByteBuffer> uncompress_byte_run(ReadonlyBytes data, ILBMLoadingCo
     auto length = data.size();
     dbgln_if(ILBM_DEBUG, "uncompress_byte_run pitch={} size={}", context.pitch, data.size());
 
-    auto plane_data = TRY(ByteBuffer::create_uninitialized(context.pitch * context.bm_header.height * context.bm_header.planes));
+    size_t plane_data_size = context.pitch * context.bm_header.height * context.bm_header.planes;
+
+    // The maximum run length of this compression method is 127 bytes, so the uncompressed size
+    // cannot be more than 127 times the size of the chunk we are decompressing.
+    if (plane_data_size > NumericLimits<u32>::max() || ceil_div(plane_data_size, 127ul) > length)
+        return Error::from_string_literal("Uncompressed data size too large");
+
+    auto plane_data = TRY(ByteBuffer::create_uninitialized(plane_data_size));
 
     u32 index = 0;
     u32 read_bytes = 0;
@@ -197,6 +204,9 @@ static ErrorOr<ByteBuffer> uncompress_byte_run(ReadonlyBytes data, ILBMLoadingCo
         }
     }
 
+    if (index != plane_data_size)
+        return Error::from_string_literal("Unexpected end of chunk while decompressing data");
+
     return plane_data;
 }