LibLine: Add live styling support

This patchset adds an stylization interface to LibLine, and breaks
multiline editing.
With the most adorable Style constructor I've ever seen :^)

Libraries/LibLine/Editor.cpp

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ namespace Line {
 
 Editor::Editor()
 {
+    m_pending_chars = ByteBuffer::create_uninitialized(0);
     struct winsize ws;
     if (ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0)
         m_num_columns = 80;
@@ -67,22 +68,15 @@ void Editor::clear_line()
 
 void Editor::insert(const String& string)
 {
-    fputs(string.characters(), stdout);
+    m_pending_chars.append(string.characters(), string.length());
-    fflush(stdout);
-
     if (m_cursor == m_buffer.size()) {
         m_buffer.append(string.characters(), string.length());
         m_cursor = m_buffer.size();
         return;
     }
 
-    vt_save_cursor();
-    vt_clear_to_end_of_line();
-    for (size_t i = m_cursor; i < m_buffer.size(); ++i)
-        fputc(m_buffer[i], stdout);
-    vt_restore_cursor();
-
     m_buffer.ensure_capacity(m_buffer.size() + string.length());
+    m_chars_inserted_in_the_middle += string.length();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < string.length(); ++i)
         m_buffer.insert(m_cursor + i, string[i]);
     m_cursor += string.length();
@@ -90,22 +84,15 @@ void Editor::insert(const String& string)
 
 void Editor::insert(const char ch)
 {
-    putchar(ch);
+    m_pending_chars.append(&ch, 1);
-    fflush(stdout);
-
     if (m_cursor == m_buffer.size()) {
         m_buffer.append(ch);
         m_cursor = m_buffer.size();
         return;
     }
 
-    vt_save_cursor();
-    vt_clear_to_end_of_line();
-    for (size_t i = m_cursor; i < m_buffer.size(); ++i)
-        fputc(m_buffer[i], stdout);
-    vt_restore_cursor();
-
     m_buffer.insert(m_cursor, ch);
+    ++m_chars_inserted_in_the_middle;
     ++m_cursor;
 }
 
@@ -118,6 +105,26 @@ void Editor::register_character_input_callback(char ch, Function<bool(Editor&)>
     m_key_callbacks.set(ch, make<KeyCallback>(move(callback)));
 }
 
+void Editor::stylize(const Span& span, const Style& style)
+{
+    auto starting_map = m_spans_starting.get(span.beginning()).value_or({});
+
+    if (!starting_map.contains(span.end()))
+        m_refresh_needed = true;
+
+    starting_map.set(span.end(), style);
+
+    m_spans_starting.set(span.beginning(), starting_map);
+
+    auto ending_map = m_spans_ending.get(span.end()).value_or({});
+
+    if (!ending_map.contains(span.beginning()))
+        m_refresh_needed = true;
+    ending_map.set(span.beginning(), style);
+
+    m_spans_ending.set(span.end(), ending_map);
+}
+
 void Editor::cut_mismatching_chars(String& completion, const String& other, size_t start_compare)
 {
     size_t i = start_compare;
@@ -174,15 +181,7 @@ String Editor::get_line(const String& prompt)
                 return;
             }
             m_buffer.remove(m_cursor);
-            fputs("\033[3~", stdout);
-            fflush(stdout);
-            vt_save_cursor();
-            vt_clear_to_end_of_line();
-            for (size_t i = m_cursor; i < m_buffer.size(); ++i)
-                fputc(m_buffer[i], stdout);
-            vt_restore_cursor();
         };
-
         for (ssize_t i = 0; i < nread; ++i) {
             char ch = keybuf[i];
             if (ch == 0)
@@ -379,7 +378,7 @@ String Editor::get_line(const String& prompt)
                     do_backspace();
                 continue;
             }
-            if (ch == 0xc) {                    // ^L
+            if (ch == 0xc) { // ^L
                 printf("\033[3J\033[H\033[2J"); // Clear screen.
                 fputs(prompt.characters(), stdout);
                 for (size_t i = 0; i < m_buffer.size(); ++i)
@@ -422,9 +421,111 @@ String Editor::get_line(const String& prompt)
 
             insert(ch);
         }
+        refresh_display();
     }
 }
 
+void Editor::refresh_display()
+{
+    if (on_display_refresh)
+        on_display_refresh(*this);
+
+    if (!m_refresh_needed && m_cursor == m_buffer.size()) {
+        // just write the characters out and continue
+        // no need to refresh the entire line
+        char null = 0;
+        m_pending_chars.append(&null, 1);
+        fputs((char*)m_pending_chars.data(), stdout);
+        m_pending_chars.clear();
+        fflush(stdout);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // ouch, reflow entire line
+    // FIXME: handle multiline stuff
+    vt_move_relative(0, m_pending_chars.size() - m_chars_inserted_in_the_middle);
+    vt_save_cursor();
+    auto current_line = cursor_line();
+    vt_clear_lines(current_line - 1, num_lines() - current_line);
+    vt_move_relative(-num_lines() + 1, -offset_in_line() + m_chars_inserted_in_the_middle);
+    vt_clear_to_end_of_line();
+    HashMap<u32, Style> empty_styles {};
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < m_buffer.size(); ++i) {
+        auto ends = m_spans_ending.get(i).value_or(empty_styles);
+        auto starts = m_spans_starting.get(i).value_or(empty_styles);
+        if (ends.size()) {
+            // go back to defaults
+            vt_apply_style(find_applicable_style(i));
+        }
+        if (starts.size()) {
+            // set new options
+            vt_apply_style(starts.begin()->value); // apply some random style that starts here
+        }
+        fputc(m_buffer[i], stdout);
+    }
+    vt_apply_style({}); // don't bleed to EOL
+    vt_restore_cursor();
+    vt_move_relative(0, m_chars_inserted_in_the_middle);
+    fflush(stdout);
+    m_pending_chars.clear();
+    m_refresh_needed = false;
+    m_chars_inserted_in_the_middle = 0;
+}
+
+void Editor::vt_move_relative(int x, int y)
+{
+    char x_op = 'A', y_op = 'D';
+    if (x > 0)
+        x_op = 'B';
+    else
+        x = -x;
+    if (y > 0)
+        y_op = 'C';
+    else
+        y = -y;
+
+    if (x > 0)
+        printf("\033[%d%c", x, x_op);
+    if (y > 0)
+        printf("\033[%d%c", y, y_op);
+}
+
+Style Editor::find_applicable_style(size_t offset) const
+{
+    // walk through our styles and find one that fits in the offset
+    for (auto& entry : m_spans_starting) {
+        if (entry.key > offset)
+            continue;
+        for (auto& style_value : entry.value) {
+            if (style_value.key <= offset)
+                continue;
+            return style_value.value;
+        }
+    }
+    return {};
+}
+
+void Editor::vt_apply_style(const Style& style)
+{
+    printf(
+        "\033[%d;%d;%d;%d;%dm",
+        style.bold() ? 1 : 22,
+        style.underline() ? 4 : 24,
+        style.italic() ? 3 : 23,
+        (int)style.foreground() + 30,
+        (int)style.background() + 40);
+}
+
+void Editor::vt_clear_lines(size_t count_above, size_t count_below)
+{
+    // go down count_below lines
+    if (count_below > 0)
+        printf("\033[%dB", (int)count_below);
+    // then clear lines going upwards
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < count_below + count_above; ++i)
+        fputs("\033[2K\033[A", stdout);
+}
+
 void Editor::vt_save_cursor()
 {
     fputs("\033[s", stdout);
@@ -442,5 +543,4 @@ void Editor::vt_clear_to_end_of_line()
     fputs("\033[K", stdout);
     fflush(stdout);
 }
-
 }

Libraries/LibLine/Editor.h

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <AK/BinarySearch.h>
+#include <AK/ByteBuffer.h>
 #include <AK/FileSystemPath.h>
 #include <AK/Function.h>
 #include <AK/HashMap.h>
@@ -35,6 +36,8 @@
 #include <AK/String.h>
 #include <AK/Vector.h>
 #include <LibCore/DirIterator.h>
+#include <Libraries/LibLine/Span.h>
+#include <Libraries/LibLine/Style.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <termios.h>
 
@@ -76,8 +79,9 @@ public:
 
     void register_character_input_callback(char ch, Function<bool(Editor&)> callback);
 
-    Function<Vector<String>(const String&)> on_tab_complete_first_token = nullptr;
+    Function<Vector<String>(const String&)> on_tab_complete_first_token;
-    Function<Vector<String>(const String&)> on_tab_complete_other_token = nullptr;
+    Function<Vector<String>(const String&)> on_tab_complete_other_token;
+    Function<void(Editor&)> on_display_refresh;
 
     // FIXME: we will have to kindly ask our instantiators to set our signal handlers
     // since we can not do this cleanly ourselves (signal() limitation: cannot give member functions)
@@ -92,6 +96,13 @@ public:
     void insert(const String&);
     void insert(const char);
     void cut_mismatching_chars(String& completion, const String& other, size_t start_compare);
+    void stylize(const Span&, const Style&);
+    void strip_styles()
+    {
+        m_spans_starting.clear();
+        m_spans_ending.clear();
+        m_refresh_needed = true;
+    }
 
     const struct termios& termios() const { return m_termios; }
     const struct termios& default_termios() const { return m_default_termios; }
@@ -100,9 +111,37 @@ private:
     void vt_save_cursor();
     void vt_restore_cursor();
     void vt_clear_to_end_of_line();
+    void vt_clear_lines(size_t count_above, size_t count_below = 0);
+    void vt_move_relative(int x, int y);
+    void vt_apply_style(const Style&);
+
+    Style find_applicable_style(size_t offset) const;
+
+    void refresh_display();
+
+    // FIXME: These three will report the wrong value because they do not
+    //        take the length of the prompt into consideration, and it does not
+    //        appear that we can figure that out easily
+    size_t num_lines() const
+    {
+        return (m_buffer.size() + m_num_columns) / m_num_columns;
+    }
+
+    size_t cursor_line() const
+    {
+        return (m_cursor + m_num_columns) / m_num_columns;
+    }
+
+    size_t offset_in_line() const
+    {
+        auto offset = m_cursor % m_num_columns;
+        return offset;
+    }
 
     Vector<char, 1024> m_buffer;
+    ByteBuffer m_pending_chars;
     size_t m_cursor { 0 };
+    size_t m_chars_inserted_in_the_middle { 0 };
     size_t m_times_tab_pressed { 0 };
     size_t m_num_columns { 0 };
 
@@ -126,7 +165,11 @@ private:
     };
     InputState m_state { InputState::Free };
 
-    bool m_initialized = false;
+    HashMap<u32, HashMap<u32, Style>> m_spans_starting;
+    HashMap<u32, HashMap<u32, Style>> m_spans_ending;
+
+    bool m_initialized { false };
+    bool m_refresh_needed { false };
 };
 
 }

Libraries/LibLine/Span.h

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, The SerenityOS developers.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+ *    list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+ *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+ * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+ * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+ * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+ * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+namespace Line {
+class Span {
+public:
+    Span(size_t start, size_t end)
+        : m_beginning(start)
+        , m_end(end)
+    {
+    }
+
+    size_t beginning() const { return m_beginning; }
+    size_t end() const { return m_end; }
+
+private:
+    size_t m_beginning { 0 };
+    size_t m_end { 0 };
+};
+}

Libraries/LibLine/Style.h

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, The SerenityOS developers.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+ *    list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+ *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+ * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+ * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+ * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+ * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+namespace Line {
+
+class Style {
+public:
+    enum class Color : int {
+        Default = 9,
+        Black = 0,
+        Red,
+        Green,
+        Yellow,
+        Blue,
+        Magenta,
+        Cyan,
+        White,
+        // TODO: it appears that we do not support these SGR options
+        BrightBlack = 60,
+        BrightRed,
+        BrightGreen,
+        BrightYellow,
+        BrightBlue,
+        BrightMagenta,
+        BrightCyan,
+        BrightWhite,
+    };
+
+    struct UnderlineTag {
+    };
+    struct BoldTag {
+    };
+    struct ItalicTag {
+    };
+    struct Background {
+        explicit Background(Color color)
+            : m_color(color)
+        {
+        }
+        Color m_color;
+    };
+    struct Foreground {
+        explicit Foreground(Color color)
+            : m_color(color)
+        {
+        }
+        Color m_color;
+    };
+
+    static constexpr UnderlineTag Underline {};
+    static constexpr BoldTag Bold {};
+    static constexpr ItalicTag Italic {};
+
+    // prepare for the horror of templates
+    template <typename T, typename... Rest>
+    Style(const T& style_arg, Rest... rest)
+        : Style(rest...)
+    {
+        set(style_arg);
+    }
+    Style() {}
+
+    bool underline() const { return m_underline; }
+    bool bold() const { return m_bold; }
+    bool italic() const { return m_italic; }
+    Color background() const { return m_background; }
+    Color foreground() const { return m_foreground; }
+
+    void set(const ItalicTag&) { m_italic = true; }
+    void set(const BoldTag&) { m_bold = true; }
+    void set(const UnderlineTag&) { m_underline = true; }
+    void set(const Background& bg) { m_background = bg.m_color; }
+    void set(const Foreground& fg) { m_foreground = fg.m_color; }
+
+private:
+    bool m_underline { false };
+    bool m_bold { false };
+    bool m_italic { false };
+    Color m_background { Color::Default };
+    Color m_foreground { Color::Default };
+};
+}