Kernel: Add support for Intel HDA

This is an implementation that tries to follow the spec as closely as
possible, and works with Qemu's Intel HDA and some bare metal HDA
controllers out there. Compiling with `INTEL_HDA_DEBUG=on` will provide
a lot of detailed information that could help us getting this to work
on more bare metal controllers as well :^)

Output format is limited to `i16` samples for now.

Kernel/Devices/Audio/IntelHDA/Controller.h

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, Jelle Raaijmakers <jelle@gmta.nl>
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <AK/Error.h>
+#include <AK/NonnullOwnPtr.h>
+#include <AK/NonnullRefPtr.h>
+#include <AK/Vector.h>
+#include <Kernel/Bus/PCI/Device.h>
+#include <Kernel/Devices/Audio/Channel.h>
+#include <Kernel/Devices/Audio/Controller.h>
+#include <Kernel/Devices/Audio/IntelHDA/OutputPath.h>
+#include <Kernel/Devices/Audio/IntelHDA/RingBuffer.h>
+#include <Kernel/IOWindow.h>
+#include <Kernel/Library/LockRefPtr.h>
+
+namespace Kernel::Audio::IntelHDA {
+
+// Specification: https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/product-specifications/high-definition-audio-specification.pdf
+
+class Codec;
+
+class Controller final
+    : public AudioController
+    , public PCI::Device {
+public:
+    static ErrorOr<NonnullLockRefPtr<Controller>> create(PCI::DeviceIdentifier const&);
+    virtual ~Controller() = default;
+
+    // ^PCI::Device
+    virtual StringView device_name() const override { return "IntelHDA"sv; }
+
+    ErrorOr<u32> send_command(u8 codec_address, u8 node_id, CodecControlVerb verb, u16 payload);
+
+private:
+    static constexpr size_t fixed_audio_channel_index = 0;
+
+    // 3.3: High Definition Audio Controller Register Set
+    enum ControllerRegister : u8 {
+        GlobalCapabilities = 0x00,
+        VersionMinor = 0x02,
+        VersionMajor = 0x03,
+        GlobalControl = 0x08,
+        StateChangeStatus = 0x0e,
+        CommandOutboundRingBufferOffset = 0x40,
+        ResponseInboundRingBufferOffset = 0x50,
+        StreamsOffset = 0x80,
+    };
+
+    // 3.3.7: GCTL – Global Control
+    enum GlobalControlFlag : u32 {
+        ControllerReset = 1u << 0,
+        AcceptUnsolicitedResponseEnable = 1u << 8,
+    };
+
+    Controller(PCI::DeviceIdentifier const&, NonnullOwnPtr<IOWindow>);
+
+    ErrorOr<void> initialize();
+    ErrorOr<void> initialize_codec(u8 codec_address);
+    ErrorOr<void> configure_output_route();
+    ErrorOr<void> reset();
+
+    // ^AudioController
+    virtual LockRefPtr<AudioChannel> audio_channel(u32 index) const override;
+    virtual ErrorOr<size_t> write(size_t channel_index, UserOrKernelBuffer const& data, size_t length) override;
+    virtual void detect_hardware_audio_channels(Badge<AudioManagement>) override;
+    virtual ErrorOr<void> set_pcm_output_sample_rate(size_t channel_index, u32 samples_per_second_rate) override;
+    virtual ErrorOr<u32> get_pcm_output_sample_rate(size_t channel_index) override;
+
+    NonnullOwnPtr<IOWindow> m_controller_io_window;
+    u8 m_number_of_output_streams;
+    u8 m_number_of_input_streams;
+    u8 m_number_of_bidirectional_streams;
+    OwnPtr<CommandOutboundRingBuffer> m_command_buffer;
+    OwnPtr<ResponseInboundRingBuffer> m_response_buffer;
+    Vector<NonnullRefPtr<Codec>> m_codecs {};
+    OwnPtr<OutputPath> m_output_path;
+    LockRefPtr<AudioChannel> m_audio_channel;
+};
+
+}