// This file is part of the uutils coreutils package.
//
// For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
// file that was distributed with this source code.

// spell-checker:ignore (chrono) Datelike Timelike ; (format) DATEFILE MMDDhhmm ; (vars) datetime datetimes

use chrono::format::{Item, StrftimeItems};
use chrono::{DateTime, FixedOffset, Local, Offset, TimeDelta, Utc};
#[cfg(windows)]
use chrono::{Datelike, Timelike};
use clap::{Arg, ArgAction, Command};
#[cfg(all(unix, not(target_os = "macos"), not(target_os = "redox")))]
use libc::{CLOCK_REALTIME, clock_settime, timespec};
use std::fs::File;
use std::io::{BufRead, BufReader};
use std::path::PathBuf;
use uucore::custom_tz_fmt::custom_time_format;
use uucore::display::Quotable;
use uucore::error::FromIo;
use uucore::error::{UResult, USimpleError};
use uucore::{format_usage, help_about, help_usage, show};
#[cfg(windows)]
use windows_sys::Win32::{Foundation::SYSTEMTIME, System::SystemInformation::SetSystemTime};

use uucore::shortcut_value_parser::ShortcutValueParser;

// Options
const DATE: &str = "date";
const HOURS: &str = "hours";
const MINUTES: &str = "minutes";
const SECONDS: &str = "seconds";
const NS: &str = "ns";

const ABOUT: &str = help_about!("date.md");
const USAGE: &str = help_usage!("date.md");

const OPT_DATE: &str = "date";
const OPT_FORMAT: &str = "format";
const OPT_FILE: &str = "file";
const OPT_DEBUG: &str = "debug";
const OPT_ISO_8601: &str = "iso-8601";
const OPT_RFC_EMAIL: &str = "rfc-email";
const OPT_RFC_3339: &str = "rfc-3339";
const OPT_SET: &str = "set";
const OPT_REFERENCE: &str = "reference";
const OPT_UNIVERSAL: &str = "universal";
const OPT_UNIVERSAL_2: &str = "utc";

// Help strings

static ISO_8601_HELP_STRING: &str = "output date/time in ISO 8601 format.
 FMT='date' for date only (the default),
 'hours', 'minutes', 'seconds', or 'ns'
 for date and time to the indicated precision.
 Example: 2006-08-14T02:34:56-06:00";

static RFC_5322_HELP_STRING: &str = "output date and time in RFC 5322 format.
 Example: Mon, 14 Aug 2006 02:34:56 -0600";

static RFC_3339_HELP_STRING: &str = "output date/time in RFC 3339 format.
 FMT='date', 'seconds', or 'ns'
 for date and time to the indicated precision.
 Example: 2006-08-14 02:34:56-06:00";

#[cfg(not(any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "redox")))]
static OPT_SET_HELP_STRING: &str = "set time described by STRING";
#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
static OPT_SET_HELP_STRING: &str = "set time described by STRING (not available on mac yet)";
#[cfg(target_os = "redox")]
static OPT_SET_HELP_STRING: &str = "set time described by STRING (not available on redox yet)";

/// Settings for this program, parsed from the command line
struct Settings {
    utc: bool,
    format: Format,
    date_source: DateSource,
    set_to: Option<DateTime<FixedOffset>>,
}

/// Various ways of displaying the date
enum Format {
    Iso8601(Iso8601Format),
    Rfc5322,
    Rfc3339(Rfc3339Format),
    Custom(String),
    Default,
}

/// Various places that dates can come from
enum DateSource {
    Now,
    Custom(String),
    File(PathBuf),
    Stdin,
    Human(TimeDelta),
}

enum Iso8601Format {
    Date,
    Hours,
    Minutes,
    Seconds,
    Ns,
}

impl From<&str> for Iso8601Format {
    fn from(s: &str) -> Self {
        match s {
            HOURS => Self::Hours,
            MINUTES => Self::Minutes,
            SECONDS => Self::Seconds,
            NS => Self::Ns,
            DATE => Self::Date,
            // Note: This is caught by clap via `possible_values`
            _ => unreachable!(),
        }
    }
}

enum Rfc3339Format {
    Date,
    Seconds,
    Ns,
}

impl From<&str> for Rfc3339Format {
    fn from(s: &str) -> Self {
        match s {
            DATE => Self::Date,
            SECONDS => Self::Seconds,
            NS => Self::Ns,
            // Should be caught by clap
            _ => panic!("Invalid format: {s}"),
        }
    }
}

#[uucore::main]
#[allow(clippy::cognitive_complexity)]
pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
    let matches = uu_app().try_get_matches_from(args)?;

    let format = if let Some(form) = matches.get_one::<String>(OPT_FORMAT) {
        if !form.starts_with('+') {
            return Err(USimpleError::new(
                1,
                format!("invalid date {}", form.quote()),
            ));
        }
        let form = form[1..].to_string();
        Format::Custom(form)
    } else if let Some(fmt) = matches
        .get_many::<String>(OPT_ISO_8601)
        .map(|mut iter| iter.next().unwrap_or(&DATE.to_string()).as_str().into())
    {
        Format::Iso8601(fmt)
    } else if matches.get_flag(OPT_RFC_EMAIL) {
        Format::Rfc5322
    } else if let Some(fmt) = matches
        .get_one::<String>(OPT_RFC_3339)
        .map(|s| s.as_str().into())
    {
        Format::Rfc3339(fmt)
    } else {
        Format::Default
    };

    let date_source = if let Some(date) = matches.get_one::<String>(OPT_DATE) {
        let ref_time = Local::now();
        if let Ok(new_time) = parse_datetime::parse_datetime_at_date(ref_time, date.as_str()) {
            let duration = new_time.signed_duration_since(ref_time);
            DateSource::Human(duration)
        } else {
            DateSource::Custom(date.into())
        }
    } else if let Some(file) = matches.get_one::<String>(OPT_FILE) {
        match file.as_ref() {
            "-" => DateSource::Stdin,
            _ => DateSource::File(file.into()),
        }
    } else {
        DateSource::Now
    };

    let set_to = match matches.get_one::<String>(OPT_SET).map(parse_date) {
        None => None,
        Some(Err((input, _err))) => {
            return Err(USimpleError::new(
                1,
                format!("invalid date {}", input.quote()),
            ));
        }
        Some(Ok(date)) => Some(date),
    };

    let settings = Settings {
        utc: matches.get_flag(OPT_UNIVERSAL),
        format,
        date_source,
        set_to,
    };

    if let Some(date) = settings.set_to {
        // All set time functions expect UTC datetimes.
        let date: DateTime<Utc> = if settings.utc {
            date.with_timezone(&Utc)
        } else {
            date.into()
        };

        return set_system_datetime(date);
    } else {
        // Get the current time, either in the local time zone or UTC.
        let now: DateTime<FixedOffset> = if settings.utc {
            let now = Utc::now();
            now.with_timezone(&now.offset().fix())
        } else {
            let now = Local::now();
            now.with_timezone(now.offset())
        };

        // Iterate over all dates - whether it's a single date or a file.
        let dates: Box<dyn Iterator<Item = _>> = match settings.date_source {
            DateSource::Custom(ref input) => {
                let date = parse_date(input.clone());
                let iter = std::iter::once(date);
                Box::new(iter)
            }
            DateSource::Human(relative_time) => {
                // Double check the result is overflow or not of the current_time + relative_time
                // it may cause a panic of chrono::datetime::DateTime add
                match now.checked_add_signed(relative_time) {
                    Some(date) => {
                        let iter = std::iter::once(Ok(date));
                        Box::new(iter)
                    }
                    None => {
                        return Err(USimpleError::new(
                            1,
                            format!("invalid date {relative_time}"),
                        ));
                    }
                }
            }
            DateSource::Stdin => {
                let lines = BufReader::new(std::io::stdin()).lines();
                let iter = lines.map_while(Result::ok).map(parse_date);
                Box::new(iter)
            }
            DateSource::File(ref path) => {
                if path.is_dir() {
                    return Err(USimpleError::new(
                        2,
                        format!("expected file, got directory {}", path.quote()),
                    ));
                }
                let file = File::open(path)
                    .map_err_context(|| path.as_os_str().to_string_lossy().to_string())?;
                let lines = BufReader::new(file).lines();
                let iter = lines.map_while(Result::ok).map(parse_date);
                Box::new(iter)
            }
            DateSource::Now => {
                let iter = std::iter::once(Ok(now));
                Box::new(iter)
            }
        };

        let format_string = make_format_string(&settings);

        // Format all the dates
        for date in dates {
            match date {
                Ok(date) => {
                    let format_string = custom_time_format(format_string);
                    // Refuse to pass this string to chrono as it is crashing in this crate
                    if format_string.contains("%#z") {
                        return Err(USimpleError::new(
                            1,
                            format!("invalid format {}", format_string.replace("%f", "%N")),
                        ));
                    }
                    // Hack to work around panic in chrono,
                    // TODO - remove when a fix for https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/issues/623 is released
                    let format_items = StrftimeItems::new(format_string.as_str());
                    if format_items.clone().any(|i| i == Item::Error) {
                        return Err(USimpleError::new(
                            1,
                            format!("invalid format {}", format_string.replace("%f", "%N")),
                        ));
                    }
                    let formatted = date
                        .format_with_items(format_items)
                        .to_string()
                        .replace("%f", "%N");
                    println!("{formatted}");
                }
                Err((input, _err)) => show!(USimpleError::new(
                    1,
                    format!("invalid date {}", input.quote())
                )),
            }
        }
    }

    Ok(())
}

pub fn uu_app() -> Command {
    Command::new(uucore::util_name())
        .version(uucore::crate_version!())
        .about(ABOUT)
        .override_usage(format_usage(USAGE))
        .infer_long_args(true)
        .arg(
            Arg::new(OPT_DATE)
                .short('d')
                .long(OPT_DATE)
                .value_name("STRING")
                .allow_hyphen_values(true)
                .help("display time described by STRING, not 'now'"),
        )
        .arg(
            Arg::new(OPT_FILE)
                .short('f')
                .long(OPT_FILE)
                .value_name("DATEFILE")
                .value_hint(clap::ValueHint::FilePath)
                .help("like --date; once for each line of DATEFILE"),
        )
        .arg(
            Arg::new(OPT_ISO_8601)
                .short('I')
                .long(OPT_ISO_8601)
                .value_name("FMT")
                .value_parser(ShortcutValueParser::new([
                    DATE, HOURS, MINUTES, SECONDS, NS,
                ]))
                .num_args(0..=1)
                .default_missing_value(OPT_DATE)
                .help(ISO_8601_HELP_STRING),
        )
        .arg(
            Arg::new(OPT_RFC_EMAIL)
                .short('R')
                .long(OPT_RFC_EMAIL)
                .help(RFC_5322_HELP_STRING)
                .action(ArgAction::SetTrue),
        )
        .arg(
            Arg::new(OPT_RFC_3339)
                .long(OPT_RFC_3339)
                .value_name("FMT")
                .value_parser(ShortcutValueParser::new([DATE, SECONDS, NS]))
                .help(RFC_3339_HELP_STRING),
        )
        .arg(
            Arg::new(OPT_DEBUG)
                .long(OPT_DEBUG)
                .help("annotate the parsed date, and warn about questionable usage to stderr")
                .action(ArgAction::SetTrue),
        )
        .arg(
            Arg::new(OPT_REFERENCE)
                .short('r')
                .long(OPT_REFERENCE)
                .value_name("FILE")
                .value_hint(clap::ValueHint::AnyPath)
                .help("display the last modification time of FILE"),
        )
        .arg(
            Arg::new(OPT_SET)
                .short('s')
                .long(OPT_SET)
                .value_name("STRING")
                .help(OPT_SET_HELP_STRING),
        )
        .arg(
            Arg::new(OPT_UNIVERSAL)
                .short('u')
                .long(OPT_UNIVERSAL)
                .alias(OPT_UNIVERSAL_2)
                .help("print or set Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)")
                .action(ArgAction::SetTrue),
        )
        .arg(Arg::new(OPT_FORMAT))
}

/// Return the appropriate format string for the given settings.
fn make_format_string(settings: &Settings) -> &str {
    match settings.format {
        Format::Iso8601(ref fmt) => match *fmt {
            Iso8601Format::Date => "%F",
            Iso8601Format::Hours => "%FT%H%:z",
            Iso8601Format::Minutes => "%FT%H:%M%:z",
            Iso8601Format::Seconds => "%FT%T%:z",
            Iso8601Format::Ns => "%FT%T,%f%:z",
        },
        Format::Rfc5322 => "%a, %d %h %Y %T %z",
        Format::Rfc3339(ref fmt) => match *fmt {
            Rfc3339Format::Date => "%F",
            Rfc3339Format::Seconds => "%F %T%:z",
            Rfc3339Format::Ns => "%F %T.%f%:z",
        },
        Format::Custom(ref fmt) => fmt,
        Format::Default => "%a %b %e %X %Z %Y",
    }
}

/// Parse a `String` into a `DateTime`.
/// If it fails, return a tuple of the `String` along with its `ParseError`.
fn parse_date<S: AsRef<str> + Clone>(
    s: S,
) -> Result<DateTime<FixedOffset>, (String, parse_datetime::ParseDateTimeError)> {
    parse_datetime::parse_datetime(s.as_ref()).map_err(|e| (s.as_ref().into(), e))
}

#[cfg(not(any(unix, windows)))]
fn set_system_datetime(_date: DateTime<Utc>) -> UResult<()> {
    unimplemented!("setting date not implemented (unsupported target)");
}

#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
fn set_system_datetime(_date: DateTime<Utc>) -> UResult<()> {
    Err(USimpleError::new(
        1,
        "setting the date is not supported by macOS".to_string(),
    ))
}

#[cfg(target_os = "redox")]
fn set_system_datetime(_date: DateTime<Utc>) -> UResult<()> {
    Err(USimpleError::new(
        1,
        "setting the date is not supported by Redox".to_string(),
    ))
}

#[cfg(all(unix, not(target_os = "macos"), not(target_os = "redox")))]
/// System call to set date (unix).
/// See here for more:
/// `<https://doc.rust-lang.org/libc/i686-unknown-linux-gnu/libc/fn.clock_settime.html>`
/// `<https://linux.die.net/man/3/clock_settime>`
/// `<https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Time-Types.html>`
fn set_system_datetime(date: DateTime<Utc>) -> UResult<()> {
    let timespec = timespec {
        tv_sec: date.timestamp() as _,
        tv_nsec: date.timestamp_subsec_nanos() as _,
    };

    let result = unsafe { clock_settime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &timespec) };

    if result == 0 {
        Ok(())
    } else {
        Err(std::io::Error::last_os_error().map_err_context(|| "cannot set date".to_string()))
    }
}

#[cfg(windows)]
/// System call to set date (Windows).
/// See here for more:
/// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/sysinfoapi/nf-sysinfoapi-setsystemtime
/// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-systemtime
fn set_system_datetime(date: DateTime<Utc>) -> UResult<()> {
    let system_time = SYSTEMTIME {
        wYear: date.year() as u16,
        wMonth: date.month() as u16,
        // Ignored
        wDayOfWeek: 0,
        wDay: date.day() as u16,
        wHour: date.hour() as u16,
        wMinute: date.minute() as u16,
        wSecond: date.second() as u16,
        // TODO: be careful of leap seconds - valid range is [0, 999] - how to handle?
        wMilliseconds: ((date.nanosecond() / 1_000_000) % 1000) as u16,
    };

    let result = unsafe { SetSystemTime(&system_time) };

    if result == 0 {
        Err(std::io::Error::last_os_error().map_err_context(|| "cannot set date".to_string()))
    } else {
        Ok(())
    }
}
