mirror of
https://github.com/RGBCube/uutils-coreutils
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l10n: remove the old md files
This commit is contained in:
Sylvestre Ledru
parent
16afa021ce
commit
7102e1a4b5
101 changed files with 0 additions and 2009 deletions
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@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
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# base32
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```
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base32 [OPTION]... [FILE]
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```
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encode/decode data and print to standard output
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With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
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|
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The data are encoded as described for the base32 alphabet in RFC 4648.
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When decoding, the input may contain newlines in addition
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to the bytes of the formal base32 alphabet. Use --ignore-garbage
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to attempt to recover from any other non-alphabet bytes in the
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encoded stream.
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# base64
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```
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base64 [OPTION]... [FILE]
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```
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encode/decode data and print to standard output
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With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
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The data are encoded as described for the base64 alphabet in RFC 3548.
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When decoding, the input may contain newlines in addition
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to the bytes of the formal base64 alphabet. Use --ignore-garbage
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to attempt to recover from any other non-alphabet bytes in the
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encoded stream.
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@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
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# basename
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```
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basename [-z] NAME [SUFFIX]
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basename OPTION... NAME...
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```
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Print NAME with any leading directory components removed
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If specified, also remove a trailing SUFFIX
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
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# basenc
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```
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basenc [OPTION]... [FILE]
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```
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|
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Encode/decode data and print to standard output
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With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
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|
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When decoding, the input may contain newlines in addition to the bytes of
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the formal alphabet. Use --ignore-garbage to attempt to recover
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from any other non-alphabet bytes in the encoded stream.
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@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
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# cat
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|
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```
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cat [OPTION]... [FILE]...
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```
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|
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Concatenate FILE(s), or standard input, to standard output
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With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
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@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
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<!-- spell-checker:ignore (vars) RFILE -->
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# chcon
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```
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chcon [OPTION]... CONTEXT FILE...
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chcon [OPTION]... [-u USER] [-r ROLE] [-l RANGE] [-t TYPE] FILE...
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chcon [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
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```
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Change the SELinux security context of each FILE to CONTEXT.
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With --reference, change the security context of each FILE to that of RFILE.
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@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
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<!-- spell-checker:ignore (vars) RFILE -->
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# chgrp
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|
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```
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chgrp [OPTION]... GROUP FILE...
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chgrp [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
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```
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Change the group of each FILE to GROUP.
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@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
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<!-- spell-checker:ignore RFILE ugoa -->
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|
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# chmod
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|
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```
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chmod [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE...
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chmod [OPTION]... OCTAL-MODE FILE...
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chmod [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
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```
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|
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Change the mode of each FILE to MODE.
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With --reference, change the mode of each FILE to that of RFILE.
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|
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## After Help
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Each MODE is of the form `[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+|[-+=]?[0-7]+`.
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<!-- spell-checker:ignore RFILE -->
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# chown
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```
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chown [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE...
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chown [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
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```
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Change file owner and group
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@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
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<!-- spell-checker:ignore NEWROOT -->
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# chroot
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|
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```
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chroot [OPTION]... NEWROOT [COMMAND [ARG]...]
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```
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Run COMMAND with root directory set to NEWROOT.
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# cksum
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```
|
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cksum [OPTIONS] [FILE]...
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```
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|
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Print CRC and size for each file
|
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|
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## After Help
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DIGEST determines the digest algorithm and default output format:
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|
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- `sysv`: (equivalent to sum -s)
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- `bsd`: (equivalent to sum -r)
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- `crc`: (equivalent to cksum)
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- `crc32b`: (only available through cksum)
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- `md5`: (equivalent to md5sum)
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- `sha1`: (equivalent to sha1sum)
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- `sha224`: (equivalent to sha224sum)
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- `sha256`: (equivalent to sha256sum)
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- `sha384`: (equivalent to sha384sum)
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- `sha512`: (equivalent to sha512sum)
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- `blake2b`: (equivalent to b2sum)
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- `sm3`: (only available through cksum)
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# comm
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```
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comm [OPTION]... FILE1 FILE2
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```
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|
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Compare two sorted files line by line.
|
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|
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When FILE1 or FILE2 (not both) is -, read standard input.
|
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|
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With no options, produce three-column output. Column one contains
|
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lines unique to FILE1, column two contains lines unique to FILE2,
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and column three contains lines common to both files.
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@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
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# cp
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```
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cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
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cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
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cp [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
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```
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Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
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|
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## After Help
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Do not copy a non-directory that has an existing destination with the same or newer modification timestamp;
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instead, silently skip the file without failing. If timestamps are being preserved, the comparison is to the
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source timestamp truncated to the resolutions of the destination file system and of the system calls used to
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update timestamps; this avoids duplicate work if several `cp -pu` commands are executed with the same source
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and destination. This option is ignored if the `-n` or `--no-clobber` option is also specified. Also, if
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`--preserve=links` is also specified (like with `cp -au` for example), that will take precedence; consequently,
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depending on the order that files are processed from the source, newer files in the destination may be replaced,
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to mirror hard links in the source. which gives more control over which existing files in the destination are
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replaced, and its value can be one of the following:
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* `all` This is the default operation when an `--update` option is not specified, and results in all existing files in the destination being replaced.
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* `none` This is similar to the `--no-clobber` option, in that no files in the destination are replaced, but also skipping a file does not induce a failure.
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* `older` This is the default operation when `--update` is specified, and results in files being replaced if they’re older than the corresponding source file.
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# csplit
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```
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csplit [OPTION]... FILE PATTERN...
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```
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Split a file into sections determined by context lines
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## After Help
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Output pieces of FILE separated by PATTERN(s) to files 'xx00', 'xx01', ..., and output byte counts of each piece to standard output.
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# cut
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<!-- spell-checker:ignore sourcefile sourcefiles -->
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```
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cut OPTION... [FILE]...
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```
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Prints specified byte or field columns from each line of stdin or the input files
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## After Help
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Each call must specify a mode (what to use for columns),
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a sequence (which columns to print), and provide a data source
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|
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### Specifying a mode
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|
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Use `--bytes` (`-b`) or `--characters` (`-c`) to specify byte mode
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||||
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||||
Use `--fields` (`-f`) to specify field mode, where each line is broken into
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fields identified by a delimiter character. For example for a typical CSV
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you could use this in combination with setting comma as the delimiter
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### Specifying a sequence
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A sequence is a group of 1 or more numbers or inclusive ranges separated
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by a commas.
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|
||||
```
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cut -f 2,5-7 some_file.txt
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```
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will display the 2nd, 5th, 6th, and 7th field for each source line
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Ranges can extend to the end of the row by excluding the second number
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```
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cut -f 3- some_file.txt
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||||
```
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||||
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will display the 3rd field and all fields after for each source line
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The first number of a range can be excluded, and this is effectively the
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same as using 1 as the first number: it causes the range to begin at the
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first column. Ranges can also display a single column
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|
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```
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cut -f 1,3-5 some_file.txt
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||||
```
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will display the 1st, 3rd, 4th, and 5th field for each source line
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The `--complement` option, when used, inverts the effect of the sequence
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```
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cut --complement -f 4-6 some_file.txt
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```
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will display the every field but the 4th, 5th, and 6th
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### Specifying a data source
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If no `sourcefile` arguments are specified, stdin is used as the source of
|
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lines to print
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||||
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||||
If `sourcefile` arguments are specified, stdin is ignored and all files are
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read in consecutively if a `sourcefile` is not successfully read, a warning
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||||
will print to stderr, and the eventual status code will be 1, but cut
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will continue to read through proceeding `sourcefiles`
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To print columns from both STDIN and a file argument, use `-` (dash) as a
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`sourcefile` argument to represent stdin.
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### Field Mode options
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The fields in each line are identified by a delimiter (separator)
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#### Set the delimiter
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Set the delimiter which separates fields in the file using the
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`--delimiter` (`-d`) option. Setting the delimiter is optional.
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If not set, a default delimiter of Tab will be used.
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If the `-w` option is provided, fields will be separated by any number
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of whitespace characters (Space and Tab). The output delimiter will
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be a Tab unless explicitly specified. Only one of `-d` or `-w` option can be specified.
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||||
This is an extension adopted from FreeBSD.
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||||
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||||
#### Optionally Filter based on delimiter
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||||
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||||
If the `--only-delimited` (`-s`) flag is provided, only lines which
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||||
contain the delimiter will be printed
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||||
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||||
#### Replace the delimiter
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||||
|
||||
If the `--output-delimiter` option is provided, the argument used for
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||||
it will replace the delimiter character in each line printed. This is
|
||||
useful for transforming tabular data - e.g. to convert a CSV to a
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||||
TSV (tab-separated file)
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||||
|
||||
### Line endings
|
||||
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||||
When the `--zero-terminated` (`-z`) option is used, cut sees \\0 (null) as the
|
||||
'line ending' character (both for the purposes of reading lines and
|
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separating printed lines) instead of \\n (newline). This is useful for
|
||||
tabular data where some of the cells may contain newlines
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||||
|
||||
```
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||||
echo 'ab\\0cd' | cut -z -c 1
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||||
```
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||||
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||||
will result in 'a\\0c\\0'
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@ -1,81 +0,0 @@
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# `date` usage
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||||
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||||
<!-- spell-checker:ignore (format) hhmm -->
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||||
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FORMAT controls the output. Interpreted sequences are:
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||||
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||||
| Sequence | Description | Example |
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| -------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
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| %% | a literal % | % |
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| %a | locale's abbreviated weekday name | Sun |
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| %A | locale's full weekday name | Sunday |
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||||
| %b | locale's abbreviated month name | Jan |
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||||
| %B | locale's full month name | January |
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| %c | locale's date and time | Thu Mar 3 23:05:25 2005|
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| %C | century; like %Y, except omit last two digits | 20 |
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||||
| %d | day of month | 01 |
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||||
| %D | date; same as %m/%d/%y | 12/31/99 |
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||||
| %e | day of month, space padded; same as %_d | 3 |
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||||
| %F | full date; same as %Y-%m-%d | 2005-03-03 |
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||||
| %g | last two digits of year of ISO week number (see %G) | 05 |
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||||
| %G | year of ISO week number (see %V); normally useful only with %V | 2005 |
|
||||
| %h | same as %b | Jan |
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||||
| %H | hour (00..23) | 23 |
|
||||
| %I | hour (01..12) | 11 |
|
||||
| %j | day of year (001..366) | 062 |
|
||||
| %k | hour, space padded ( 0..23); same as %_H | 3 |
|
||||
| %l | hour, space padded ( 1..12); same as %_I | 9 |
|
||||
| %m | month (01..12) | 03 |
|
||||
| %M | minute (00..59) | 30 |
|
||||
| %n | a newline | \n |
|
||||
| %N | nanoseconds (000000000..999999999) | 123456789 |
|
||||
| %p | locale's equivalent of either AM or PM; blank if not known | PM |
|
||||
| %P | like %p, but lower case | pm |
|
||||
| %q | quarter of year (1..4) | 1 |
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||||
| %r | locale's 12-hour clock time | 11:11:04 PM |
|
||||
| %R | 24-hour hour and minute; same as %H:%M | 23:30 |
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||||
| %s | seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC | 1615432800 |
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||||
| %S | second (00..60) | 30 |
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||||
| %t | a tab | \t |
|
||||
| %T | time; same as %H:%M:%S | 23:30:30 |
|
||||
| %u | day of week (1..7); 1 is Monday | 4 |
|
||||
| %U | week number of year, with Sunday as first day of week (00..53) | 10 |
|
||||
| %V | ISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53) | 12 |
|
||||
| %w | day of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday | 4 |
|
||||
| %W | week number of year, with Monday as first day of week (00..53) | 11 |
|
||||
| %x | locale's date representation | 03/03/2005 |
|
||||
| %X | locale's time representation | 23:30:30 |
|
||||
| %y | last two digits of year (00..99) | 05 |
|
||||
| %Y | year | 2005 |
|
||||
| %z | +hhmm numeric time zone | -0400 |
|
||||
| %:z | +hh:mm numeric time zone | -04:00 |
|
||||
| %::z | +hh:mm:ss numeric time zone | -04:00:00 |
|
||||
| %:::z | numeric time zone with : to necessary precision | -04, +05:30 |
|
||||
| %Z | alphabetic time zone abbreviation | EDT |
|
||||
|
||||
By default, date pads numeric fields with zeroes.
|
||||
The following optional flags may follow '%':
|
||||
|
||||
* `-` (hyphen) do not pad the field
|
||||
* `_` (underscore) pad with spaces
|
||||
* `0` (zero) pad with zeros
|
||||
* `^` use upper case if possible
|
||||
* `#` use opposite case if possible
|
||||
|
||||
After any flags comes an optional field width, as a decimal number;
|
||||
then an optional modifier, which is either
|
||||
E to use the locale's alternate representations if available, or
|
||||
O to use the locale's alternate numeric symbols if available.
|
||||
|
||||
Examples:
|
||||
Convert seconds since the epoch (1970-01-01 UTC) to a date
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
date --date='@2147483647'
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Show the time on the west coast of the US (use tzselect(1) to find TZ)
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
TZ='America/Los_Angeles' date
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
|
|||
<!-- spell-checker:ignore Dhhmm -->
|
||||
|
||||
# date
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]...
|
||||
date [OPTION]... [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print or set the system date and time
|
||||
126
src/uu/dd/dd.md
126
src/uu/dd/dd.md
|
|
@ -1,126 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# dd
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- spell-checker:ignore convs iseek oseek -->
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
dd [OPERAND]...
|
||||
dd OPTION
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Copy, and optionally convert, a file system resource
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
### Operands
|
||||
|
||||
- `bs=BYTES` : read and write up to BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512);
|
||||
overwrites `ibs` and `obs`.
|
||||
- `cbs=BYTES` : the 'conversion block size' in bytes. Applies to the
|
||||
`conv=block`, and `conv=unblock` operations.
|
||||
- `conv=CONVS` : a comma-separated list of conversion options or (for legacy
|
||||
reasons) file flags.
|
||||
- `count=N` : stop reading input after N ibs-sized read operations rather
|
||||
than proceeding until EOF. See `iflag=count_bytes` if stopping after N bytes
|
||||
is preferred
|
||||
- `ibs=N` : the size of buffer used for reads (default: 512)
|
||||
- `if=FILE` : the file used for input. When not specified, stdin is used instead
|
||||
- `iflag=FLAGS` : a comma-separated list of input flags which specify how the
|
||||
input source is treated. FLAGS may be any of the input-flags or general-flags
|
||||
specified below.
|
||||
- `skip=N` (or `iseek=N`) : skip N ibs-sized records into input before beginning
|
||||
copy/convert operations. See iflag=seek_bytes if seeking N bytes is preferred.
|
||||
- `obs=N` : the size of buffer used for writes (default: 512)
|
||||
- `of=FILE` : the file used for output. When not specified, stdout is used
|
||||
instead
|
||||
- `oflag=FLAGS` : comma separated list of output flags which specify how the
|
||||
output source is treated. FLAGS may be any of the output flags or general
|
||||
flags specified below
|
||||
- `seek=N` (or `oseek=N`) : seeks N obs-sized records into output before
|
||||
beginning copy/convert operations. See oflag=seek_bytes if seeking N bytes is
|
||||
preferred
|
||||
- `status=LEVEL` : controls whether volume and performance stats are written to
|
||||
stderr.
|
||||
|
||||
When unspecified, dd will print stats upon completion. An example is below.
|
||||
|
||||
```plain
|
||||
6+0 records in
|
||||
16+0 records out
|
||||
8192 bytes (8.2 kB, 8.0 KiB) copied, 0.00057009 s,
|
||||
14.4 MB/s
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The first two lines are the 'volume' stats and the final line is the
|
||||
'performance' stats.
|
||||
The volume stats indicate the number of complete and partial ibs-sized reads,
|
||||
or obs-sized writes that took place during the copy. The format of the volume
|
||||
stats is `<complete>+<partial>`. If records have been truncated (see
|
||||
`conv=block`), the volume stats will contain the number of truncated records.
|
||||
|
||||
Possible LEVEL values are:
|
||||
- `progress` : Print periodic performance stats as the copy proceeds.
|
||||
- `noxfer` : Print final volume stats, but not performance stats.
|
||||
- `none` : Do not print any stats.
|
||||
|
||||
Printing performance stats is also triggered by the INFO signal (where supported),
|
||||
or the USR1 signal. Setting the POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable to any value
|
||||
(including an empty value) will cause the USR1 signal to be ignored.
|
||||
|
||||
### Conversion Options
|
||||
|
||||
- `ascii` : convert from EBCDIC to ASCII. This is the inverse of the `ebcdic`
|
||||
option. Implies `conv=unblock`.
|
||||
- `ebcdic` : convert from ASCII to EBCDIC. This is the inverse of the `ascii`
|
||||
option. Implies `conv=block`.
|
||||
- `ibm` : convert from ASCII to EBCDIC, applying the conventions for `[`, `]`
|
||||
and `~` specified in POSIX. Implies `conv=block`.
|
||||
|
||||
- `ucase` : convert from lower-case to upper-case.
|
||||
- `lcase` : converts from upper-case to lower-case.
|
||||
|
||||
- `block` : for each newline less than the size indicated by cbs=BYTES, remove
|
||||
the newline and pad with spaces up to cbs. Lines longer than cbs are truncated.
|
||||
- `unblock` : for each block of input of the size indicated by cbs=BYTES, remove
|
||||
right-trailing spaces and replace with a newline character.
|
||||
|
||||
- `sparse` : attempts to seek the output when an obs-sized block consists of
|
||||
only zeros.
|
||||
- `swab` : swaps each adjacent pair of bytes. If an odd number of bytes is
|
||||
present, the final byte is omitted.
|
||||
- `sync` : pad each ibs-sided block with zeros. If `block` or `unblock` is
|
||||
specified, pad with spaces instead.
|
||||
- `excl` : the output file must be created. Fail if the output file is already
|
||||
present.
|
||||
- `nocreat` : the output file will not be created. Fail if the output file in
|
||||
not already present.
|
||||
- `notrunc` : the output file will not be truncated. If this option is not
|
||||
present, output will be truncated when opened.
|
||||
- `noerror` : all read errors will be ignored. If this option is not present,
|
||||
dd will only ignore Error::Interrupted.
|
||||
- `fdatasync` : data will be written before finishing.
|
||||
- `fsync` : data and metadata will be written before finishing.
|
||||
|
||||
### Input flags
|
||||
|
||||
- `count_bytes` : a value to `count=N` will be interpreted as bytes.
|
||||
- `skip_bytes` : a value to `skip=N` will be interpreted as bytes.
|
||||
- `fullblock` : wait for ibs bytes from each read. zero-length reads are still
|
||||
considered EOF.
|
||||
|
||||
### Output flags
|
||||
|
||||
- `append` : open file in append mode. Consider setting conv=notrunc as well.
|
||||
- `seek_bytes` : a value to seek=N will be interpreted as bytes.
|
||||
|
||||
### General Flags
|
||||
|
||||
- `direct` : use direct I/O for data.
|
||||
- `directory` : fail unless the given input (if used as an iflag) or
|
||||
output (if used as an oflag) is a directory.
|
||||
- `dsync` : use synchronized I/O for data.
|
||||
- `sync` : use synchronized I/O for data and metadata.
|
||||
- `nonblock` : use non-blocking I/O.
|
||||
- `noatime` : do not update access time.
|
||||
- `nocache` : request that OS drop cache.
|
||||
- `noctty` : do not assign a controlling tty.
|
||||
- `nofollow` : do not follow system links.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# df
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
df [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides,
|
||||
or all file systems by default.
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
Display values are in units of the first available SIZE from --block-size,
|
||||
and the DF_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE environment variables.
|
||||
Otherwise, units default to 1024 bytes (or 512 if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set).
|
||||
|
||||
SIZE is an integer and optional unit (example: 10M is 10*1024*1024).
|
||||
Units are K, M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y (powers of 1024) or KB, MB,... (powers
|
||||
of 1000).
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# dircolors
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
dircolors [OPTION]... [FILE]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Output commands to set the LS_COLORS environment variable.
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
If FILE is specified, read it to determine which colors to use for which
|
||||
file types and extensions. Otherwise, a precompiled database is used.
|
||||
For details on the format of these files, run 'dircolors --print-database'
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# dirname
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
dirname [OPTION] NAME...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Strip last component from file name
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
Output each NAME with its last non-slash component and trailing slashes
|
||||
removed; if NAME contains no /'s, output '.' (meaning the current directory).
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# du
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
du [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
du [OPTION]... --files0-from=F
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Estimate file space usage
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
Display values are in units of the first available SIZE from --block-size,
|
||||
and the DU_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE environment variables.
|
||||
Otherwise, units default to 1024 bytes (or 512 if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set).
|
||||
|
||||
SIZE is an integer and optional unit (example: 10M is 10*1024*1024).
|
||||
Units are K, M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y (powers of 1024) or KB, MB,... (powers
|
||||
of 1000).
|
||||
|
||||
PATTERN allows some advanced exclusions. For example, the following syntaxes
|
||||
are supported:
|
||||
`?` will match only one character
|
||||
`*` will match zero or more characters
|
||||
`{a,b}` will match a or b
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# echo
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
echo [OPTIONS]... [STRING]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Display a line of text
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
Echo the STRING(s) to standard output.
|
||||
|
||||
If -e is in effect, the following sequences are recognized:
|
||||
|
||||
- `\` backslash
|
||||
- `\a` alert (BEL)
|
||||
- `\b` backspace
|
||||
- `\c` produce no further output
|
||||
- `\e` escape
|
||||
- `\f` form feed
|
||||
- `\n` new line
|
||||
- `\r` carriage return
|
||||
- `\t` horizontal tab
|
||||
- `\v` vertical tab
|
||||
- `\0NNN` byte with octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits)
|
||||
- `\xHH` byte with hexadecimal value HH (1 to 2 digits)
|
||||
13
src/uu/env/env.md
vendored
13
src/uu/env/env.md
vendored
|
|
@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# env
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
env [OPTION]... [-] [NAME=VALUE]... [COMMAND [ARG]...]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Set each NAME to VALUE in the environment and run COMMAND
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
A mere - implies -i. If no COMMAND, print the resulting environment.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# expand
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
expand [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Convert tabs in each `FILE` to spaces, writing to standard output.
|
||||
With no `FILE`, or when `FILE` is `-`, read standard input.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# expr
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
expr [EXPRESSION]
|
||||
expr [OPTIONS]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print the value of `EXPRESSION` to standard output
|
||||
|
||||
## After help
|
||||
|
||||
Print the value of `EXPRESSION` to standard output. A blank line below
|
||||
separates increasing precedence groups.
|
||||
|
||||
`EXPRESSION` may be:
|
||||
|
||||
- `ARG1 | ARG2`: `ARG1` if it is neither null nor 0, otherwise `ARG2`
|
||||
- `ARG1 & ARG2`: `ARG1` if neither argument is null or 0, otherwise 0
|
||||
- `ARG1 < ARG2`: `ARG1` is less than `ARG2`
|
||||
- `ARG1 <= ARG2`: `ARG1` is less than or equal to `ARG2`
|
||||
- `ARG1 = ARG2`: `ARG1` is equal to `ARG2`
|
||||
- `ARG1 != ARG2`: `ARG1` is unequal to `ARG2`
|
||||
- `ARG1 >= ARG2`: `ARG1` is greater than or equal to `ARG2`
|
||||
- `ARG1 > ARG2`: `ARG1` is greater than `ARG2`
|
||||
- `ARG1 + ARG2`: arithmetic sum of `ARG1` and `ARG2`
|
||||
- `ARG1 - ARG2`: arithmetic difference of `ARG1` and `ARG2`
|
||||
- `ARG1 * ARG2`: arithmetic product of `ARG1` and `ARG2`
|
||||
- `ARG1 / ARG2`: arithmetic quotient of `ARG1` divided by `ARG2`
|
||||
- `ARG1 % ARG2`: arithmetic remainder of `ARG1` divided by `ARG2`
|
||||
- `STRING : REGEXP`: anchored pattern match of `REGEXP` in `STRING`
|
||||
- `match STRING REGEXP`: same as `STRING : REGEXP`
|
||||
- `substr STRING POS LENGTH`: substring of `STRING`, `POS` counted from 1
|
||||
- `index STRING CHARS`: index in `STRING` where any `CHARS` is found, or 0
|
||||
- `length STRING`: length of `STRING`
|
||||
- `+ TOKEN`: interpret `TOKEN` as a string, even if it is a keyword like `match`
|
||||
or an operator like `/`
|
||||
- `( EXPRESSION )`: value of `EXPRESSION`
|
||||
|
||||
Beware that many operators need to be escaped or quoted for shells.
|
||||
Comparisons are arithmetic if both ARGs are numbers, else lexicographical.
|
||||
Pattern matches return the string matched between \( and \) or null; if
|
||||
\( and \) are not used, they return the number of characters matched or 0.
|
||||
|
||||
Exit status is `0` if `EXPRESSION` is neither null nor `0`, `1` if `EXPRESSION`
|
||||
is null or `0`, `2` if `EXPRESSION` is syntactically invalid, and `3` if an
|
||||
error occurred.
|
||||
|
||||
Environment variables:
|
||||
|
||||
- `EXPR_DEBUG_TOKENS=1`: dump expression's tokens
|
||||
- `EXPR_DEBUG_RPN=1`: dump expression represented in reverse polish notation
|
||||
- `EXPR_DEBUG_SYA_STEP=1`: dump each parser step
|
||||
- `EXPR_DEBUG_AST=1`: dump expression represented abstract syntax tree
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# factor
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
factor [OPTION]... [NUMBER]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print the prime factors of the given NUMBER(s).
|
||||
If none are specified, read from standard input.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# false
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
false
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Returns false, an unsuccessful exit status.
|
||||
|
||||
Immediately returns with the exit status `1`. When invoked with one of the recognized options it
|
||||
will try to write the help or version text. Any IO error during this operation is diagnosed, yet
|
||||
the program will also return `1`.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# fmt
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
fmt [-WIDTH] [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Reformat paragraphs from input files (or stdin) to stdout.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# fold
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
fold [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Writes each file (or standard input if no files are given)
|
||||
to standard output whilst breaking long lines
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# groups
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
groups [OPTION]... [USERNAME]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print group memberships for each `USERNAME` or, if no `USERNAME` is specified, for
|
||||
the current process (which may differ if the groups data‐base has changed).
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# hashsum
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
hashsum --<digest> [OPTIONS]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Compute and check message digests.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# head
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
head [FLAG]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print the first 10 lines of each `FILE` to standard output.
|
||||
With more than one `FILE`, precede each with a header giving the file name.
|
||||
With no `FILE`, or when `FILE` is `-`, read standard input.
|
||||
|
||||
Mandatory arguments to long flags are mandatory for short flags too.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# hostid
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
hostid [options]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) for the current host
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# hostname
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
hostname [OPTION]... [HOSTNAME]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Display or set the system's host name.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# id
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
id [OPTION]... [USER]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print user and group information for each specified `USER`,
|
||||
or (when `USER` omitted) for the current user.
|
||||
|
||||
## After help
|
||||
|
||||
The id utility displays the user and group names and numeric IDs, of the
|
||||
calling process, to the standard output. If the real and effective IDs are
|
||||
different, both are displayed, otherwise only the real ID is displayed.
|
||||
|
||||
If a user (login name or user ID) is specified, the user and group IDs of
|
||||
that user are displayed. In this case, the real and effective IDs are
|
||||
assumed to be the same.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# install
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
install [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to the existing
|
||||
DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and owner/group
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# join
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
join [OPTION]... FILE1 FILE2
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
For each pair of input lines with identical join fields, write a line to
|
||||
standard output. The default join field is the first, delimited by blanks.
|
||||
|
||||
When `FILE1` or `FILE2` (not both) is `-`, read standard input.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# kill
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
kill [OPTIONS]... PID...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Send signal to processes or list information about signals.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# link
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
link FILE1 FILE2
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Call the link function to create a link named FILE2 to an existing FILE1.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# ln
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
ln [OPTION]... [-T] TARGET LINK_NAME
|
||||
ln [OPTION]... TARGET
|
||||
ln [OPTION]... TARGET... DIRECTORY
|
||||
ln [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY TARGET...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Make links between files.
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
In the 1st form, create a link to TARGET with the name LINK_NAME.
|
||||
In the 2nd form, create a link to TARGET in the current directory.
|
||||
In the 3rd and 4th forms, create links to each TARGET in DIRECTORY.
|
||||
Create hard links by default, symbolic links with --symbolic.
|
||||
By default, each destination (name of new link) should not already exist.
|
||||
When creating hard links, each TARGET must exist. Symbolic links
|
||||
can hold arbitrary text; if later resolved, a relative link is
|
||||
interpreted in relation to its parent directory.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# logname
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
logname
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print user's login name
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# ls
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
List directory contents.
|
||||
Ignore files and directories starting with a '.' by default
|
||||
|
||||
## After help
|
||||
|
||||
The TIME_STYLE argument can be full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale or +FORMAT. FORMAT is interpreted like in date. Also the TIME_STYLE environment variable sets the default style to use.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# mkdir
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- spell-checker:ignore ugoa -->
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
mkdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Create the given DIRECTORY(ies) if they do not exist
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
Each MODE is of the form `[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+|[-+=]?[0-7]+`.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# mkfifo
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
mkfifo [OPTION]... NAME...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Create a FIFO with the given name.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# mknod
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
mknod [OPTION]... NAME TYPE [MAJOR MINOR]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Create the special file NAME of the given TYPE.
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
|
||||
`-m`, `--mode=MODE` set file permission bits to `MODE`, not `a=rw - umask`
|
||||
|
||||
Both `MAJOR` and `MINOR` must be specified when `TYPE` is `b`, `c`, or `u`, and they
|
||||
must be omitted when `TYPE` is `p`. If `MAJOR` or `MINOR` begins with `0x` or `0X`,
|
||||
it is interpreted as hexadecimal; otherwise, if it begins with 0, as octal;
|
||||
otherwise, as decimal. `TYPE` may be:
|
||||
|
||||
* `b` create a block (buffered) special file
|
||||
* `c`, `u` create a character (unbuffered) special file
|
||||
* `p` create a FIFO
|
||||
|
||||
NOTE: your shell may have its own version of mknod, which usually supersedes
|
||||
the version described here. Please refer to your shell's documentation
|
||||
for details about the options it supports.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# mktemp
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
mktemp [OPTION]... [TEMPLATE]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Create a temporary file or directory.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# more
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
more [OPTIONS] FILE...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Display the contents of a text file
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# mv
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
mv [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
|
||||
mv [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
|
||||
mv [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
|
||||
```
|
||||
Move `SOURCE` to `DEST`, or multiple `SOURCE`(s) to `DIRECTORY`.
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
When specifying more than one of -i, -f, -n, only the final one will take effect.
|
||||
|
||||
Do not move a non-directory that has an existing destination with the same or newer modification timestamp;
|
||||
instead, silently skip the file without failing. If the move is across file system boundaries, the comparison is
|
||||
to the source timestamp truncated to the resolutions of the destination file system and of the system calls used
|
||||
to update timestamps; this avoids duplicate work if several `mv -u` commands are executed with the same source
|
||||
and destination. This option is ignored if the `-n` or `--no-clobber` option is also specified. which gives more control
|
||||
over which existing files in the destination are replaced, and its value can be one of the following:
|
||||
|
||||
* `all` This is the default operation when an `--update` option is not specified, and results in all existing files in the destination being replaced.
|
||||
* `none` This is similar to the `--no-clobber` option, in that no files in the destination are replaced, but also skipping a file does not induce a failure.
|
||||
* `older` This is the default operation when `--update` is specified, and results in files being replaced if they’re older than the corresponding source file.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# nice
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
nice [OPTIONS] [COMMAND [ARGS]]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Run `COMMAND` with an adjusted niceness, which affects process scheduling.
|
||||
With no `COMMAND`, print the current niceness. Niceness values range from at
|
||||
least -20 (most favorable to the process) to 19 (least favorable to the
|
||||
process).
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# nl
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
nl [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Number lines of files
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
`STYLE` is one of:
|
||||
|
||||
* `a` number all lines
|
||||
* `t` number only nonempty lines
|
||||
* `n` number no lines
|
||||
* `pBRE` number only lines that contain a match for the basic regular
|
||||
expression, `BRE`
|
||||
|
||||
`FORMAT` is one of:
|
||||
|
||||
* `ln` left justified, no leading zeros
|
||||
* `rn` right justified, no leading zeros
|
||||
* `rz` right justified, leading zeros
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# nohup
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
nohup COMMAND [ARG]...
|
||||
nohup OPTION
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Run COMMAND ignoring hangup signals.
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
If standard input is terminal, it'll be replaced with /dev/null.
|
||||
If standard output is terminal, it'll be appended to nohup.out instead,
|
||||
or $HOME/nohup.out, if nohup.out open failed.
|
||||
If standard error is terminal, it'll be redirected to stdout.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# nproc
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
nproc [OPTIONS]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print the number of cores available to the current process.
|
||||
If the `OMP_NUM_THREADS` or `OMP_THREAD_LIMIT` environment variables are set, then
|
||||
they will determine the minimum and maximum returned value respectively.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# numfmt
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- spell-checker:ignore N'th M'th -->
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
numfmt [OPTION]... [NUMBER]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Convert numbers from/to human-readable strings
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
`UNIT` options:
|
||||
|
||||
- `none`: no auto-scaling is done; suffixes will trigger an error
|
||||
- `auto`: accept optional single/two letter suffix:
|
||||
|
||||
1K = 1000, 1Ki = 1024, 1M = 1000000, 1Mi = 1048576,
|
||||
|
||||
- `si`: accept optional single letter suffix:
|
||||
|
||||
1K = 1000, 1M = 1000000, ...
|
||||
|
||||
- `iec`: accept optional single letter suffix:
|
||||
|
||||
1K = 1024, 1M = 1048576, ...
|
||||
|
||||
- `iec-i`: accept optional two-letter suffix:
|
||||
|
||||
1Ki = 1024, 1Mi = 1048576, ...
|
||||
|
||||
- `FIELDS` supports `cut(1)` style field ranges:
|
||||
|
||||
N N'th field, counted from 1
|
||||
N- from N'th field, to end of line
|
||||
N-M from N'th to M'th field (inclusive)
|
||||
-M from first to M'th field (inclusive)
|
||||
- all fields
|
||||
|
||||
Multiple fields/ranges can be separated with commas
|
||||
|
||||
`FORMAT` must be suitable for printing one floating-point argument `%f`.
|
||||
Optional quote (`%'f`) will enable --grouping (if supported by current locale).
|
||||
Optional width value (`%10f`) will pad output. Optional zero (`%010f`) width
|
||||
will zero pad the number. Optional negative values (`%-10f`) will left align.
|
||||
Optional precision (`%.1f`) will override the input determined precision.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# od
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
od [OPTION]... [--] [FILENAME]...
|
||||
od [-abcdDefFhHiIlLoOsxX] [FILENAME] [[+][0x]OFFSET[.][b]]
|
||||
od --traditional [OPTION]... [FILENAME] [[+][0x]OFFSET[.][b] [[+][0x]LABEL[.][b]]]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Dump files in octal and other formats
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
Displays data in various human-readable formats. If multiple formats are
|
||||
specified, the output will contain all formats in the order they appear on the
|
||||
command line. Each format will be printed on a new line. Only the line
|
||||
containing the first format will be prefixed with the offset.
|
||||
|
||||
If no filename is specified, or it is "-", stdin will be used. After a "--", no
|
||||
more options will be recognized. This allows for filenames starting with a "-".
|
||||
|
||||
If a filename is a valid number which can be used as an offset in the second
|
||||
form, you can force it to be recognized as a filename if you include an option
|
||||
like "-j0", which is only valid in the first form.
|
||||
|
||||
RADIX is one of o,d,x,n for octal, decimal, hexadecimal or none.
|
||||
|
||||
BYTES is decimal by default, octal if prefixed with a "0", or hexadecimal if
|
||||
prefixed with "0x". The suffixes b, KB, K, MB, M, GB, G, will multiply the
|
||||
number with 512, 1000, 1024, 1000^2, 1024^2, 1000^3, 1024^3, 1000^2, 1024^2.
|
||||
|
||||
OFFSET and LABEL are octal by default, hexadecimal if prefixed with "0x" or
|
||||
decimal if a "." suffix is added. The "b" suffix will multiply with 512.
|
||||
|
||||
TYPE contains one or more format specifications consisting of:
|
||||
a for printable 7-bits ASCII
|
||||
c for utf-8 characters or octal for undefined characters
|
||||
d[SIZE] for signed decimal
|
||||
f[SIZE] for floating point
|
||||
o[SIZE] for octal
|
||||
u[SIZE] for unsigned decimal
|
||||
x[SIZE] for hexadecimal
|
||||
SIZE is the number of bytes which can be the number 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16,
|
||||
or C, I, S, L for 1, 2, 4, 8 bytes for integer types,
|
||||
or F, D, L for 4, 8, 16 bytes for floating point.
|
||||
Any type specification can have a "z" suffix, which will add a ASCII dump at
|
||||
the end of the line.
|
||||
|
||||
If an error occurred, a diagnostic message will be printed to stderr, and the
|
||||
exit code will be non-zero.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# paste
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
paste [OPTIONS] [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Write lines consisting of the sequentially corresponding lines from each
|
||||
`FILE`, separated by `TAB`s, to standard output.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# pathchk
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
pathchk [OPTION]... NAME...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Check whether file names are valid or portable
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# pinky
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
pinky [OPTION]... [USER]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Displays brief user information on Unix-based systems
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# pr
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
pr [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Write content of given file or standard input to standard output with pagination filter
|
||||
|
||||
## After help
|
||||
|
||||
`+PAGE` Begin output at page number page of the formatted input.
|
||||
`-COLUMN` Produce multi-column output. See `--column`
|
||||
|
||||
The pr utility is a printing and pagination filter for text files.
|
||||
When multiple input files are specified, each is read, formatted, and written to standard output.
|
||||
By default, the input is separated into 66-line pages, each with
|
||||
|
||||
* A 5-line header with the page number, date, time, and the pathname of the file.
|
||||
* A 5-line trailer consisting of blank lines.
|
||||
|
||||
If standard output is associated with a terminal, diagnostic messages are suppressed until the pr
|
||||
utility has completed processing.
|
||||
|
||||
When multiple column output is specified, text columns are of equal width.
|
||||
By default, text columns are separated by at least one `<blank>`.
|
||||
Input lines that do not fit into a text column are truncated.
|
||||
Lines are not truncated under single column output.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# printenv
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
printenv [OPTION]... [VARIABLE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Display the values of the specified environment VARIABLE(s), or (with no VARIABLE) display name and value pairs for them all.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,273 +0,0 @@
|
|||
<!-- spell-checker:ignore templating parameterizing each's -->
|
||||
|
||||
# printf
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
printf FORMAT [ARGUMENT]...
|
||||
printf OPTION
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print output based off of the format string and proceeding arguments.
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
basic anonymous string templating:
|
||||
|
||||
prints format string at least once, repeating as long as there are remaining arguments
|
||||
output prints escaped literals in the format string as character literals
|
||||
output replaces anonymous fields with the next unused argument, formatted according to the field.
|
||||
|
||||
Prints the `,` replacing escaped character sequences with character literals
|
||||
and substitution field sequences with passed arguments
|
||||
|
||||
literally, with the exception of the below
|
||||
escaped character sequences, and the substitution sequences described further down.
|
||||
|
||||
### ESCAPE SEQUENCES
|
||||
|
||||
The following escape sequences, organized here in alphabetical order,
|
||||
will print the corresponding character literal:
|
||||
|
||||
* `\"` double quote
|
||||
|
||||
* `\\\\` backslash
|
||||
|
||||
* `\\a` alert (BEL)
|
||||
|
||||
* `\\b` backspace
|
||||
|
||||
* `\\c` End-of-Input
|
||||
|
||||
* `\\e` escape
|
||||
|
||||
* `\\f` form feed
|
||||
|
||||
* `\\n` new line
|
||||
|
||||
* `\\r` carriage return
|
||||
|
||||
* `\\t` horizontal tab
|
||||
|
||||
* `\\v` vertical tab
|
||||
|
||||
* `\\NNN` byte with value expressed in octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits)
|
||||
values greater than 256 will be treated
|
||||
|
||||
* `\\xHH` byte with value expressed in hexadecimal value NN (1 to 2 digits)
|
||||
|
||||
* `\\uHHHH` Unicode (IEC 10646) character with value expressed in hexadecimal value HHHH (4 digits)
|
||||
|
||||
* `\\uHHHH` Unicode character with value expressed in hexadecimal value HHHH (8 digits)
|
||||
|
||||
* `%%` a single %
|
||||
|
||||
### SUBSTITUTIONS
|
||||
|
||||
#### SUBSTITUTION QUICK REFERENCE
|
||||
|
||||
Fields
|
||||
|
||||
* `%s`: string
|
||||
* `%b`: string parsed for literals second parameter is max length
|
||||
|
||||
* `%c`: char no second parameter
|
||||
|
||||
* `%i` or `%d`: 64-bit integer
|
||||
* `%u`: 64 bit unsigned integer
|
||||
* `%x` or `%X`: 64-bit unsigned integer as hex
|
||||
* `%o`: 64-bit unsigned integer as octal
|
||||
second parameter is min-width, integer
|
||||
output below that width is padded with leading zeroes
|
||||
|
||||
* `%q`: ARGUMENT is printed in a format that can be reused as shell input, escaping non-printable
|
||||
characters with the proposed POSIX $'' syntax.
|
||||
|
||||
* `%f` or `%F`: decimal floating point value
|
||||
* `%e` or `%E`: scientific notation floating point value
|
||||
* `%g` or `%G`: shorter of specially interpreted decimal or SciNote floating point value.
|
||||
second parameter is
|
||||
`-max` places after decimal point for floating point output
|
||||
`-max` number of significant digits for scientific notation output
|
||||
|
||||
parameterizing fields
|
||||
|
||||
examples:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
printf '%4.3i' 7
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
It has a first parameter of 4 and a second parameter of 3 and will result in ' 007'
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
printf '%.1s' abcde
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
It has no first parameter and a second parameter of 1 and will result in 'a'
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
printf '%4c' q
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
It has a first parameter of 4 and no second parameter and will result in ' q'
|
||||
|
||||
The first parameter of a field is the minimum width to pad the output to
|
||||
if the output is less than this absolute value of this width,
|
||||
it will be padded with leading spaces, or, if the argument is negative,
|
||||
with trailing spaces. the default is zero.
|
||||
|
||||
The second parameter of a field is particular to the output field type.
|
||||
defaults can be found in the full substitution help below
|
||||
|
||||
special prefixes to numeric arguments
|
||||
|
||||
* `0`: (e.g. 010) interpret argument as octal (integer output fields only)
|
||||
* `0x`: (e.g. 0xABC) interpret argument as hex (numeric output fields only)
|
||||
* `\'`: (e.g. \'a) interpret argument as a character constant
|
||||
|
||||
#### HOW TO USE SUBSTITUTIONS
|
||||
|
||||
Substitutions are used to pass additional argument(s) into the FORMAT string, to be formatted a
|
||||
particular way. E.g.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
printf 'the letter %X comes before the letter %X' 10 11
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
will print
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
the letter A comes before the letter B
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
because the substitution field `%X` means
|
||||
'take an integer argument and write it as a hexadecimal number'
|
||||
|
||||
Passing more arguments than are in the format string will cause the format string to be
|
||||
repeated for the remaining substitutions
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
printf 'it is %i F in %s \n' 22 Portland 25 Boston 27 New York
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
will print
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
it is 22 F in Portland
|
||||
it is 25 F in Boston
|
||||
it is 27 F in Boston
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If a format string is printed but there are less arguments remaining
|
||||
than there are substitution fields, substitution fields without
|
||||
an argument will default to empty strings, or for numeric fields
|
||||
the value 0
|
||||
|
||||
#### AVAILABLE SUBSTITUTIONS
|
||||
|
||||
This program, like GNU coreutils printf,
|
||||
interprets a modified subset of the POSIX C printf spec,
|
||||
a quick reference to substitutions is below.
|
||||
|
||||
#### STRING SUBSTITUTIONS
|
||||
|
||||
All string fields have a 'max width' parameter
|
||||
`%.3s` means 'print no more than three characters of the original input'
|
||||
|
||||
* `%s`: string
|
||||
|
||||
* `%b`: escaped string - the string will be checked for any escaped literals from
|
||||
the escaped literal list above, and translate them to literal characters.
|
||||
e.g. `\\n` will be transformed into a newline character.
|
||||
One special rule about `%b` mode is that octal literals are interpreted differently
|
||||
In arguments passed by `%b`, pass octal-interpreted literals must be in the form of `\\0NNN`
|
||||
instead of `\\NNN`. (Although, for legacy reasons, octal literals in the form of `\\NNN` will
|
||||
still be interpreted and not throw a warning, you will have problems if you use this for a
|
||||
literal whose code begins with zero, as it will be viewed as in `\\0NNN` form.)
|
||||
|
||||
* `%q`: escaped string - the string in a format that can be reused as input by most shells.
|
||||
Non-printable characters are escaped with the POSIX proposed ‘$''’ syntax,
|
||||
and shell meta-characters are quoted appropriately.
|
||||
This is an equivalent format to ls --quoting=shell-escape output.
|
||||
|
||||
#### CHAR SUBSTITUTIONS
|
||||
|
||||
The character field does not have a secondary parameter.
|
||||
|
||||
* `%c`: a single character
|
||||
|
||||
#### INTEGER SUBSTITUTIONS
|
||||
|
||||
All integer fields have a 'pad with zero' parameter
|
||||
`%.4i` means an integer which if it is less than 4 digits in length,
|
||||
is padded with leading zeros until it is 4 digits in length.
|
||||
|
||||
* `%d` or `%i`: 64-bit integer
|
||||
|
||||
* `%u`: 64-bit unsigned integer
|
||||
|
||||
* `%x` or `%X`: 64-bit unsigned integer printed in Hexadecimal (base 16)
|
||||
`%X` instead of `%x` means to use uppercase letters for 'a' through 'f'
|
||||
|
||||
* `%o`: 64-bit unsigned integer printed in octal (base 8)
|
||||
|
||||
#### FLOATING POINT SUBSTITUTIONS
|
||||
|
||||
All floating point fields have a 'max decimal places / max significant digits' parameter
|
||||
`%.10f` means a decimal floating point with 7 decimal places past 0
|
||||
`%.10e` means a scientific notation number with 10 significant digits
|
||||
`%.10g` means the same behavior for decimal and Sci. Note, respectively, and provides the shortest
|
||||
of each's output.
|
||||
|
||||
Like with GNU coreutils, the value after the decimal point is these outputs is parsed as a
|
||||
double first before being rendered to text. For both implementations do not expect meaningful
|
||||
precision past the 18th decimal place. When using a number of decimal places that is 18 or
|
||||
higher, you can expect variation in output between GNU coreutils printf and this printf at the
|
||||
18th decimal place of +/- 1
|
||||
|
||||
* `%f`: floating point value presented in decimal, truncated and displayed to 6 decimal places by
|
||||
default. There is not past-double behavior parity with Coreutils printf, values are not
|
||||
estimated or adjusted beyond input values.
|
||||
|
||||
* `%e` or `%E`: floating point value presented in scientific notation
|
||||
7 significant digits by default
|
||||
`%E` means use to use uppercase E for the mantissa.
|
||||
|
||||
* `%g` or `%G`: floating point value presented in the shortest of decimal and scientific notation
|
||||
behaves differently from `%f` and `%E`, please see posix printf spec for full details,
|
||||
some examples of different behavior:
|
||||
Sci Note has 6 significant digits by default
|
||||
Trailing zeroes are removed
|
||||
Instead of being truncated, digit after last is rounded
|
||||
|
||||
Like other behavior in this utility, the design choices of floating point
|
||||
behavior in this utility is selected to reproduce in exact
|
||||
the behavior of GNU coreutils' printf from an inputs and outputs standpoint.
|
||||
|
||||
### USING PARAMETERS
|
||||
|
||||
Most substitution fields can be parameterized using up to 2 numbers that can
|
||||
be passed to the field, between the % sign and the field letter.
|
||||
|
||||
The 1st parameter always indicates the minimum width of output, it is useful for creating
|
||||
columnar output. Any output that would be less than this minimum width is padded with
|
||||
leading spaces
|
||||
The 2nd parameter is proceeded by a dot.
|
||||
You do not have to use parameters
|
||||
|
||||
### SPECIAL FORMS OF INPUT
|
||||
|
||||
For numeric input, the following additional forms of input are accepted besides decimal:
|
||||
|
||||
Octal (only with integer): if the argument begins with a 0 the proceeding characters
|
||||
will be interpreted as octal (base 8) for integer fields
|
||||
|
||||
Hexadecimal: if the argument begins with 0x the proceeding characters will be interpreted
|
||||
will be interpreted as hex (base 16) for any numeric fields
|
||||
for float fields, hexadecimal input results in a precision
|
||||
limit (in converting input past the decimal point) of 10^-15
|
||||
|
||||
Character Constant: if the argument begins with a single quote character, the first byte
|
||||
of the next character will be interpreted as an 8-bit unsigned integer. If there are
|
||||
additional bytes, they will throw an error (unless the environment variable POSIXLY_CORRECT
|
||||
is set)
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# ptx
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
ptx [OPTION]... [INPUT]...
|
||||
ptx -G [OPTION]... [INPUT [OUTPUT]]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Produce a permuted index of file contents
|
||||
Output a permuted index, including context, of the words in the input files.
|
||||
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
|
||||
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Default is '-F /'.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# pwd
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
pwd [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Display the full filename of the current working directory.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# readlink
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
readlink [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print value of a symbolic link or canonical file name.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# realpath
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
realpath [OPTION]... FILE...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print the resolved path
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# rm
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
rm [OPTION]... FILE...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Remove (unlink) the FILE(s)
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
By default, rm does not remove directories. Use the --recursive (-r or -R)
|
||||
option to remove each listed directory, too, along with all of its contents
|
||||
|
||||
To remove a file whose name starts with a '-', for example '-foo',
|
||||
use one of these commands:
|
||||
rm -- -foo
|
||||
|
||||
rm ./-foo
|
||||
|
||||
Note that if you use rm to remove a file, it might be possible to recover
|
||||
some of its contents, given sufficient expertise and/or time. For greater
|
||||
assurance that the contents are truly unrecoverable, consider using shred.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# rmdir
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
rmdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Remove the DIRECTORY(ies), if they are empty.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# runcon
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
runcon CONTEXT COMMAND [ARG...]
|
||||
runcon [-c] [-u USER] [-r ROLE] [-t TYPE] [-l RANGE] COMMAND [ARG...]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Run command with specified security context under SELinux enabled systems.
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
Run COMMAND with completely-specified CONTEXT, or with current or transitioned security context modified by one or more of LEVEL, ROLE, TYPE, and USER.
|
||||
|
||||
If none of --compute, --type, --user, --role or --range is specified, then the first argument is used as the complete context.
|
||||
|
||||
Note that only carefully-chosen contexts are likely to successfully run.
|
||||
|
||||
If neither CONTEXT nor COMMAND is specified, the current security context is printed.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# seq
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
seq [OPTION]... LAST
|
||||
seq [OPTION]... FIRST LAST
|
||||
seq [OPTION]... FIRST INCREMENT LAST
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Display numbers from FIRST to LAST, in steps of INCREMENT.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# shred
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- spell-checker:ignore writeback -->
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
shred [OPTION]... FILE...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Overwrite the specified FILE(s) repeatedly, in order to make it harder for even
|
||||
very expensive hardware probing to recover the data.
|
||||
|
||||
## After help
|
||||
|
||||
Delete `FILE(s)` if `--remove` (`-u`) is specified. The default is not to remove
|
||||
the files because it is common to operate on device files like `/dev/hda`, and
|
||||
those files usually should not be removed.
|
||||
|
||||
CAUTION: Note that shred relies on a very important assumption: that the file
|
||||
system overwrites data in place. This is the traditional way to do things, but
|
||||
many modern file system designs do not satisfy this assumption. The following
|
||||
are examples of file systems on which shred is not effective, or is not
|
||||
guaranteed to be effective in all file system modes:
|
||||
|
||||
* log-structured or journal file systems, such as those supplied with
|
||||
AIX and Solaris (and JFS, ReiserFS, XFS, Ext3, etc.)
|
||||
|
||||
* file systems that write redundant data and carry on even if some writes
|
||||
fail, such as RAID-based file systems
|
||||
|
||||
* file systems that make snapshots, such as Network Appliance's NFS server
|
||||
|
||||
* file systems that cache in temporary locations, such as NFS
|
||||
version 3 clients
|
||||
|
||||
* compressed file systems
|
||||
|
||||
In the case of ext3 file systems, the above disclaimer applies (and shred is
|
||||
thus of limited effectiveness) only in `data=journal` mode, which journals file
|
||||
data in addition to just metadata. In both the `data=ordered` (default) and
|
||||
`data=writeback` modes, shred works as usual. Ext3 journal modes can be changed
|
||||
by adding the `data=something` option to the mount options for a particular
|
||||
file system in the `/etc/fstab` file, as documented in the mount man page (`man
|
||||
mount`).
|
||||
|
||||
In addition, file system backups and remote mirrors may contain copies of
|
||||
the file that cannot be removed, and that will allow a shredded file to be
|
||||
recovered later.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# shuf
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
shuf [OPTION]... [FILE]
|
||||
shuf -e [OPTION]... [ARG]...
|
||||
shuf -i LO-HI [OPTION]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Shuffle the input by outputting a random permutation of input lines.
|
||||
Each output permutation is equally likely.
|
||||
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# sleep
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sleep NUMBER[SUFFIX]...
|
||||
sleep OPTION
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Pause for NUMBER seconds.
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
Pause for NUMBER seconds. SUFFIX may be 's' for seconds (the default),
|
||||
'm' for minutes, 'h' for hours or 'd' for days. Unlike most implementations
|
||||
that require NUMBER be an integer, here NUMBER may be an arbitrary floating
|
||||
point number. Given two or more arguments, pause for the amount of time
|
||||
specified by the sum of their values.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
|
|||
<!-- spell-checker:ignore MbdfhnRrV -->
|
||||
|
||||
# sort
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sort [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Display sorted concatenation of all FILE(s). With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
|
||||
|
||||
## After help
|
||||
|
||||
The key format is `FIELD[.CHAR][OPTIONS][,FIELD[.CHAR]][OPTIONS]`.
|
||||
|
||||
Fields by default are separated by the first whitespace after a non-whitespace character. Use `-t` to specify a custom separator.
|
||||
In the default case, whitespace is appended at the beginning of each field. Custom separators however are not included in fields.
|
||||
|
||||
`FIELD` and `CHAR` both start at 1 (i.e. they are 1-indexed). If there is no end specified after a comma, the end will be the end of the line.
|
||||
If `CHAR` is set 0, it means the end of the field. `CHAR` defaults to 1 for the start position and to 0 for the end position.
|
||||
|
||||
Valid options are: `MbdfhnRrV`. They override the global options for this key.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
|
|||
<!-- spell-checker:ignore PREFI -->
|
||||
|
||||
# split
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
split [OPTION]... [INPUT [PREFIX]]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Create output files containing consecutive or interleaved sections of input
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
Output fixed-size pieces of INPUT to PREFIXaa, PREFIXab, ...; default size is 1000, and default PREFIX is 'x'. With no INPUT, or when INPUT is -, read standard input.
|
||||
|
||||
The SIZE argument is an integer and optional unit (example: 10K is 10*1024).
|
||||
Units are K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y,R,Q (powers of 1024) or KB,MB,... (powers of 1000).
|
||||
Binary prefixes can be used, too: KiB=K, MiB=M, and so on.
|
||||
|
||||
CHUNKS may be:
|
||||
|
||||
- N split into N files based on size of input
|
||||
- K/N output Kth of N to stdout
|
||||
- l/N split into N files without splitting lines/records
|
||||
- l/K/N output Kth of N to stdout without splitting lines/records
|
||||
- r/N like 'l' but use round robin distribution
|
||||
- r/K/N likewise but only output Kth of N to stdout
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# stat
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
stat [OPTION]... FILE...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Display file or file system status.
|
||||
|
||||
## Long Usage
|
||||
|
||||
Valid format sequences for files (without `--file-system`):
|
||||
|
||||
- `%a`: access rights in octal (note '#' and '0' printf flags)
|
||||
- `%A`: access rights in human readable form
|
||||
- `%b`: number of blocks allocated (see %B)
|
||||
- `%B`: the size in bytes of each block reported by %b
|
||||
- `%C`: SELinux security context string
|
||||
- `%d`: device number in decimal
|
||||
- `%D`: device number in hex
|
||||
- `%f`: raw mode in hex
|
||||
- `%F`: file type
|
||||
- `%g`: group ID of owner
|
||||
- `%G`: group name of owner
|
||||
- `%h`: number of hard links
|
||||
- `%i`: inode number
|
||||
- `%m`: mount point
|
||||
- `%n`: file name
|
||||
- `%N`: quoted file name with dereference (follow) if symbolic link
|
||||
- `%o`: optimal I/O transfer size hint
|
||||
- `%s`: total size, in bytes
|
||||
- `%t`: major device type in hex, for character/block device special files
|
||||
- `%T`: minor device type in hex, for character/block device special files
|
||||
- `%u`: user ID of owner
|
||||
- `%U`: user name of owner
|
||||
- `%w`: time of file birth, human-readable; - if unknown
|
||||
- `%W`: time of file birth, seconds since Epoch; 0 if unknown
|
||||
- `%x`: time of last access, human-readable
|
||||
- `%X`: time of last access, seconds since Epoch
|
||||
- `%y`: time of last data modification, human-readable
|
||||
- `%Y`: time of last data modification, seconds since Epoch
|
||||
- `%z`: time of last status change, human-readable
|
||||
- `%Z`: time of last status change, seconds since Epoch
|
||||
|
||||
Valid format sequences for file systems:
|
||||
|
||||
- `%a`: free blocks available to non-superuser
|
||||
- `%b`: total data blocks in file system
|
||||
- `%c`: total file nodes in file system
|
||||
- `%d`: free file nodes in file system
|
||||
- `%f`: free blocks in file system
|
||||
- `%i`: file system ID in hex
|
||||
- `%l`: maximum length of filenames
|
||||
- `%n`: file name
|
||||
- `%s`: block size (for faster transfers)
|
||||
- `%S`: fundamental block size (for block counts)
|
||||
- `%t`: file system type in hex
|
||||
- `%T`: file system type in human readable form
|
||||
|
||||
NOTE: your shell may have its own version of stat, which usually supersedes
|
||||
the version described here. Please refer to your shell's documentation
|
||||
for details about the options it supports.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# stdbuf
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
stdbuf [OPTION]... COMMAND
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Run `COMMAND`, with modified buffering operations for its standard streams.
|
||||
|
||||
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
If `MODE` is 'L' the corresponding stream will be line buffered.
|
||||
This option is invalid with standard input.
|
||||
|
||||
If `MODE` is '0' the corresponding stream will be unbuffered.
|
||||
|
||||
Otherwise, `MODE` is a number which may be followed by one of the following:
|
||||
|
||||
KB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.
|
||||
In this case the corresponding stream will be fully buffered with the buffer size set to `MODE` bytes.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTE: If `COMMAND` adjusts the buffering of its standard streams (`tee` does for e.g.) then that will override corresponding settings changed by `stdbuf`.
|
||||
Also some filters (like `dd` and `cat` etc.) don't use streams for I/O, and are thus unaffected by `stdbuf` settings.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# stty
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
stty [-F DEVICE | --file=DEVICE] [SETTING]...
|
||||
stty [-F DEVICE | --file=DEVICE] [-a|--all]
|
||||
stty [-F DEVICE | --file=DEVICE] [-g|--save]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print or change terminal characteristics.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# sum
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sum [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Checksum and count the blocks in a file.
|
||||
|
||||
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# sync
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sync [OPTION]... FILE...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Synchronize cached writes to persistent storage
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# tac
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
tac [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Write each file to standard output, last line first.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# tail
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
tail [FLAG]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print the last 10 lines of each FILE to standard output.
|
||||
With more than one FILE, precede each with a header giving the file name.
|
||||
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
|
||||
|
||||
Mandatory arguments to long flags are mandatory for short flags too.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# tee
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
tee [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Copy standard input to each FILE, and also to standard output.
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
If a FILE is -, it refers to a file named - .
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# test
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
test EXPRESSION
|
||||
test
|
||||
[ EXPRESSION ]
|
||||
[ ]
|
||||
[ OPTION
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Check file types and compare values.
|
||||
|
||||
## After Help
|
||||
|
||||
Exit with the status determined by `EXPRESSION`.
|
||||
|
||||
An omitted `EXPRESSION` defaults to false.
|
||||
Otherwise, `EXPRESSION` is true or false and sets exit status.
|
||||
|
||||
It is one of:
|
||||
|
||||
* ( EXPRESSION ) `EXPRESSION` is true
|
||||
* ! EXPRESSION `EXPRESSION` is false
|
||||
* EXPRESSION1 -a EXPRESSION2 both `EXPRESSION1` and `EXPRESSION2` are true
|
||||
* EXPRESSION1 -o EXPRESSION2 either `EXPRESSION1` or `EXPRESSION2` is true
|
||||
|
||||
String operations:
|
||||
* -n STRING the length of `STRING` is nonzero
|
||||
* STRING equivalent to -n `STRING`
|
||||
* -z STRING the length of `STRING` is zero
|
||||
* STRING1 = STRING2 the strings are equal
|
||||
* STRING1 != STRING2 the strings are not equal
|
||||
|
||||
Integer comparisons:
|
||||
* INTEGER1 -eq INTEGER2 `INTEGER1` is equal to `INTEGER2`
|
||||
* INTEGER1 -ge INTEGER2 `INTEGER1` is greater than or equal to `INTEGER2`
|
||||
* INTEGER1 -gt INTEGER2 `INTEGER1` is greater than `INTEGER2`
|
||||
* INTEGER1 -le INTEGER2 `INTEGER1` is less than or equal to `INTEGER2`
|
||||
* INTEGER1 -lt INTEGER2 `INTEGER1` is less than `INTEGER2`
|
||||
* INTEGER1 -ne INTEGER2 `INTEGER1` is not equal to `INTEGER2`
|
||||
|
||||
File operations:
|
||||
* FILE1 -ef FILE2 `FILE1` and `FILE2` have the same device and inode numbers
|
||||
* FILE1 -nt FILE2 `FILE1` is newer (modification date) than `FILE2`
|
||||
* FILE1 -ot FILE2 `FILE1` is older than `FILE2`
|
||||
|
||||
* -b FILE `FILE` exists and is block special
|
||||
* -c FILE `FILE` exists and is character special
|
||||
* -d FILE `FILE` exists and is a directory
|
||||
* -e FILE `FILE` exists
|
||||
* -f FILE `FILE` exists and is a regular file
|
||||
* -g FILE `FILE` exists and is set-group-ID
|
||||
* -G FILE `FILE` exists and is owned by the effective group ID
|
||||
* -h FILE `FILE` exists and is a symbolic link (same as -L)
|
||||
* -k FILE `FILE` exists and has its sticky bit set
|
||||
* -L FILE `FILE` exists and is a symbolic link (same as -h)
|
||||
* -N FILE `FILE` exists and has been modified since it was last read
|
||||
* -O FILE `FILE` exists and is owned by the effective user ID
|
||||
* -p FILE `FILE` exists and is a named pipe
|
||||
* -r FILE `FILE` exists and read permission is granted
|
||||
* -s FILE `FILE` exists and has a size greater than zero
|
||||
* -S FILE `FILE` exists and is a socket
|
||||
* -t FD `file` descriptor `FD` is opened on a terminal
|
||||
* -u FILE `FILE` exists and its set-user-ID bit is set
|
||||
* -w FILE `FILE` exists and write permission is granted
|
||||
* -x FILE `FILE` exists and execute (or search) permission is granted
|
||||
|
||||
Except for `-h` and `-L`, all FILE-related tests dereference (follow) symbolic links.
|
||||
Beware that parentheses need to be escaped (e.g., by backslashes) for shells.
|
||||
`INTEGER` may also be -l `STRING`, which evaluates to the length of `STRING`.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTE: Binary `-a` and `-o` are inherently ambiguous.
|
||||
Use `test EXPR1 && test EXPR2` or `test EXPR1 || test EXPR2` instead.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTE: `[` honors the `--help` and `--version` options, but test does not.
|
||||
test treats each of those as it treats any other nonempty `STRING`.
|
||||
|
||||
NOTE: your shell may have its own version of `test` and/or `[`, which usually supersedes the version described here.
|
||||
Please refer to your shell's documentation for details about the options it supports.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# timeout
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
timeout [OPTION] DURATION COMMAND...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Start `COMMAND`, and kill it if still running after `DURATION`.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# touch
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
touch [OPTION]... [USER]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Update the access and modification times of each `FILE` to the current time.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# tr
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
tr [OPTION]... SET1 [SET2]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Translate or delete characters
|
||||
|
||||
## After help
|
||||
|
||||
Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input, writing to standard output.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# true
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
true
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Returns true, a successful exit status.
|
||||
|
||||
Immediately returns with the exit status `0`, except when invoked with one of the recognized
|
||||
options. In those cases it will try to write the help or version text. Any IO error during this
|
||||
operation causes the program to return `1` instead.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# truncate
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
truncate [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Shrink or extend the size of each file to the specified size.
|
||||
|
||||
## After help
|
||||
|
||||
SIZE is an integer with an optional prefix and optional unit.
|
||||
The available units (K, M, G, T, P, E, Z, and Y) use the following format:
|
||||
'KB' => 1000 (kilobytes)
|
||||
'K' => 1024 (kibibytes)
|
||||
'MB' => 1000*1000 (megabytes)
|
||||
'M' => 1024*1024 (mebibytes)
|
||||
'GB' => 1000*1000*1000 (gigabytes)
|
||||
'G' => 1024*1024*1024 (gibibytes)
|
||||
SIZE may also be prefixed by one of the following to adjust the size of each
|
||||
file based on its current size:
|
||||
'+' => extend by
|
||||
'-' => reduce by
|
||||
'<' => at most
|
||||
'>' => at least
|
||||
'/' => round down to multiple of
|
||||
'%' => round up to multiple of
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# tsort
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
tsort [OPTIONS] FILE
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Topological sort the strings in FILE.
|
||||
Strings are defined as any sequence of tokens separated by whitespace (tab, space, or newline), ordering them based on dependencies in a directed acyclic graph (DAG).
|
||||
Useful for scheduling and determining execution order.
|
||||
If FILE is not passed in, stdin is used instead.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# tty
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
tty [OPTION]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print the file name of the terminal connected to standard input.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# uname
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
uname [OPTION]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print certain system information.
|
||||
With no OPTION, same as -s.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# unexpand
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
unexpand [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Convert blanks in each `FILE` to tabs, writing to standard output.
|
||||
With no `FILE`, or when `FILE` is `-`, read standard input.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# uniq
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
uniq [OPTION]... [INPUT [OUTPUT]]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Report or omit repeated lines.
|
||||
|
||||
## After help
|
||||
|
||||
Filter adjacent matching lines from `INPUT` (or standard input),
|
||||
writing to `OUTPUT` (or standard output).
|
||||
|
||||
Note: `uniq` does not detect repeated lines unless they are adjacent.
|
||||
You may want to sort the input first, or use `sort -u` without `uniq`.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# unlink
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
unlink FILE
|
||||
unlink OPTION
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Unlink the file at `FILE`.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# uptime
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
uptime [OPTION]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Display the current time, the length of time the system has been up,
|
||||
the number of users on the system, and the average number of jobs
|
||||
in the run queue over the last 1, 5 and 15 minutes.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# users
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
users [FILE]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print the user names of users currently logged in to the current host.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# vdir
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
vdir [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
List directory contents.
|
||||
Ignore files and directories starting with a '.' by default.
|
||||
|
||||
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# wc
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
wc [OPTION]... [FILE]...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Display newline, word, and byte counts for each FILE, and a total line if
|
||||
more than one FILE is specified. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# who
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
who [OPTION]... [ FILE | ARG1 ARG2 ]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print information about users who are currently logged in.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# whoami
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
whoami
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Print the current username.
|
||||
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Reference in a new issue