Replace get_long_usage fns with const

src/uu/chmod/src/chmod.rs

@@ -19,8 +19,14 @@ use uucore::libc::mode_t;
 use uucore::mode;
 use uucore::{format_usage, show_error};
 
-static ABOUT: &str = "Change the mode of each FILE to MODE.
+const ABOUT: &str = "Change the mode of each FILE to MODE.\n\
     With --reference, change the mode of each FILE to that of RFILE.";
+const USAGE: &str = "\
+       {} [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE...
+       {} [OPTION]... OCTAL-MODE FILE...
+       {} [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...";
+const LONG_USAGE: &str =
+    "Each MODE is of the form '[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+|[-+=]?[0-7]+'.";
 
 mod options {
     pub const CHANGES: &str = "changes";
@@ -34,15 +40,6 @@ mod options {
     pub const FILE: &str = "FILE";
 }
 
-const USAGE: &str = "\
-    {} [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE...
-    {} [OPTION]... OCTAL-MODE FILE...
-    {} [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...";
-
-fn get_long_usage() -> &'static str {
-    "Each MODE is of the form '[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+|[-+=]?[0-7]+'."
-}
-
 #[uucore::main]
 pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
     let mut args = args.collect_lossy();
@@ -51,9 +48,7 @@ pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
     // a possible MODE prefix '-' needs to be removed (e.g. "chmod -x FILE").
     let mode_had_minus_prefix = mode::strip_minus_from_mode(&mut args);
 
-    let after_help = get_long_usage();
+    let matches = uu_app().after_help(LONG_USAGE).try_get_matches_from(args)?;
-
-    let matches = uu_app().after_help(after_help).try_get_matches_from(args)?;
 
     let changes = matches.get_flag(options::CHANGES);
     let quiet = matches.get_flag(options::QUIET);

src/uu/dirname/src/dirname.rs

@@ -11,26 +11,22 @@ use uucore::display::print_verbatim;
 use uucore::error::{UResult, UUsageError};
 use uucore::format_usage;
 
-static ABOUT: &str = "Strip last component from file name";
+const ABOUT: &str = "Strip last component from file name";
 const USAGE: &str = "{} [OPTION] NAME...";
+const LONG_USAGE: &str = "\
+    Output each NAME with its last non-slash component and trailing slashes \n\
+    removed; if NAME contains no /'s, output '.' (meaning the current directory).";
 
 mod options {
     pub const ZERO: &str = "zero";
     pub const DIR: &str = "dir";
 }
 
-fn get_long_usage() -> &'static str {
-    "Output each NAME with its last non-slash component and trailing slashes \n\
-        removed; if NAME contains no /'s, output '.' (meaning the current directory)."
-}
-
 #[uucore::main]
 pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
     let args = args.collect_lossy();
 
-    let matches = uu_app()
+    let matches = uu_app().after_help(LONG_USAGE).try_get_matches_from(args)?;
-        .after_help(get_long_usage())
-        .try_get_matches_from(args)?;
 
     let separator = if matches.get_flag(options::ZERO) {
         "\0"

src/uu/mkdir/src/mkdir.rs

@@ -22,8 +22,10 @@ use uucore::{format_usage, show, show_if_err};
 
 static DEFAULT_PERM: u32 = 0o755;
 
-static ABOUT: &str = "Create the given DIRECTORY(ies) if they do not exist";
+const ABOUT: &str = "Create the given DIRECTORY(ies) if they do not exist";
 const USAGE: &str = "{} [OPTION]... [USER]";
+const LONG_USAGE: &str =
+    "Each MODE is of the form '[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+|[-+=]?[0-7]+'.";
 
 mod options {
     pub const MODE: &str = "mode";
@@ -32,10 +34,6 @@ mod options {
     pub const DIRS: &str = "dirs";
 }
 
-fn get_long_usage() -> &'static str {
-    "Each MODE is of the form '[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+|[-+=]?[0-7]+'."
-}
-
 #[cfg(windows)]
 fn get_mode(_matches: &ArgMatches, _mode_had_minus_prefix: bool) -> Result<u32, String> {
     Ok(DEFAULT_PERM)
@@ -92,9 +90,7 @@ pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
     // Linux-specific options, not implemented
     // opts.optflag("Z", "context", "set SELinux security context" +
     // " of each created directory to CTX"),
-    let matches = uu_app()
+    let matches = uu_app().after_help(LONG_USAGE).try_get_matches_from(args)?;
-        .after_help(get_long_usage())
-        .try_get_matches_from(args)?;
 
     let dirs = matches
         .get_many::<OsString>(options::DIRS)

src/uu/rm/src/rm.rs

@@ -37,8 +37,22 @@ struct Options {
     verbose: bool,
 }
 
-static ABOUT: &str = "Remove (unlink) the FILE(s)";
+const ABOUT: &str = "Remove (unlink) the FILE(s)";
 const USAGE: &str = "{} [OPTION]... FILE...";
+const LONG_USAGE: &str = "\
+By default, rm does not remove directories.  Use the --recursive (-r or -R)
+option to remove each listed directory, too, along with all of its contents
+
+To remove a file whose name starts with a '-', for example '-foo',
+use one of these commands:
+rm -- -foo
+
+rm ./-foo
+
+Note that if you use rm to remove a file, it might be possible to recover
+some of its contents, given sufficient expertise and/or time.  For greater
+assurance that the contents are truly unrecoverable, consider using shred.";
+
 static OPT_DIR: &str = "dir";
 static OPT_INTERACTIVE: &str = "interactive";
 static OPT_FORCE: &str = "force";
@@ -53,28 +67,9 @@ static PRESUME_INPUT_TTY: &str = "-presume-input-tty";
 
 static ARG_FILES: &str = "files";
 
-fn get_long_usage() -> String {
-    String::from(
-        "By default, rm does not remove directories.  Use the --recursive (-r or -R)
-        option to remove each listed directory, too, along with all of its contents
-
-        To remove a file whose name starts with a '-', for example '-foo',
-        use one of these commands:
-        rm -- -foo
-
-        rm ./-foo
-
-        Note that if you use rm to remove a file, it might be possible to recover
-        some of its contents, given sufficient expertise and/or time.  For greater
-        assurance that the contents are truly unrecoverable, consider using shred.",
-    )
-}
-
 #[uucore::main]
 pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
-    let matches = uu_app()
+    let matches = uu_app().after_help(LONG_USAGE).try_get_matches_from(args)?;
-        .after_help(get_long_usage())
-        .try_get_matches_from(args)?;
 
     let files: Vec<String> = matches
         .get_many::<String>(ARG_FILES)

src/uu/stat/src/stat.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use uucore::fsext::{
     pretty_filetype, pretty_fstype, pretty_time, read_fs_list, statfs, BirthTime, FsMeta,
 };
 use uucore::libc::mode_t;
-use uucore::{entries, format_usage, show_error, show_warning};
+use uucore::{entries, format_usage, help_section, help_usage, show_error, show_warning};
 
 use clap::{crate_version, Arg, ArgAction, ArgMatches, Command};
 use std::borrow::Cow;
@@ -24,8 +24,9 @@ use std::os::unix::fs::{FileTypeExt, MetadataExt};
 use std::os::unix::prelude::OsStrExt;
 use std::path::Path;
 
-const ABOUT: &str = "Display file or file system status.";
+const ABOUT: &str = help_section!("about", "stat.md");
-const USAGE: &str = "{} [OPTION]... FILE...";
+const USAGE: &str = help_usage!("stat.md");
+const LONG_USAGE: &str = help_section!("long usage", "stat.md");
 
 mod options {
     pub const DEREFERENCE: &str = "dereference";
@@ -751,67 +752,9 @@ impl Stater {
     }
 }
 
-fn get_long_usage() -> &'static str {
-    "
-The valid format sequences for files (without --file-system):
-
-  %a   access rights in octal (note '#' and '0' printf flags)
-  %A   access rights in human readable form
-  %b   number of blocks allocated (see %B)
-  %B   the size in bytes of each block reported by %b
-  %C   SELinux security context string
-  %d   device number in decimal
-  %D   device number in hex
-  %f   raw mode in hex
-  %F   file type
-  %g   group ID of owner
-  %G   group name of owner
-  %h   number of hard links
-  %i   inode number
-  %m   mount point
-  %n   file name
-  %N   quoted file name with dereference if symbolic link
-  %o   optimal I/O transfer size hint
-  %s   total size, in bytes
-  %t   major device type in hex, for character/block device special files
-  %T   minor device type in hex, for character/block device special files
-  %u   user ID of owner
-  %U   user name of owner
-  %w   time of file birth, human-readable; - if unknown
-  %W   time of file birth, seconds since Epoch; 0 if unknown
-  %x   time of last access, human-readable
-  %X   time of last access, seconds since Epoch
-  %y   time of last data modification, human-readable
-  %Y   time of last data modification, seconds since Epoch
-  %z   time of last status change, human-readable
-  %Z   time of last status change, seconds since Epoch
-
-Valid format sequences for file systems:
-
-  %a   free blocks available to non-superuser
-  %b   total data blocks in file system
-  %c   total file nodes in file system
-  %d   free file nodes in file system
-  %f   free blocks in file system
-  %i   file system ID in hex
-  %l   maximum length of filenames
-  %n   file name
-  %s   block size (for faster transfers)
-  %S   fundamental block size (for block counts)
-  %t   file system type in hex
-  %T   file system type in human readable form
-
-NOTE: your shell may have its own version of stat, which usually supersedes
-the version described here.  Please refer to your shell's documentation
-for details about the options it supports.
-"
-}
-
 #[uucore::main]
 pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
-    let matches = uu_app()
+    let matches = uu_app().after_help(LONG_USAGE).try_get_matches_from(args)?;
-        .after_help(get_long_usage())
-        .try_get_matches_from(args)?;
 
     let stater = Stater::new(&matches)?;
     let exit_status = stater.exec();

src/uu/stat/stat.md

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# stat
+
+## About
+
+Display file or file system status.
+
+## Usage
+```
+stat [OPTION]... FILE...
+```
+
+## Long Usage
+
+The valid format sequences for files (without --file-system):
+
+  %a   access rights in octal (note '#' and '0' printf flags)
+  %A   access rights in human readable form
+  %b   number of blocks allocated (see %B)
+  %B   the size in bytes of each block reported by %b
+  %C   SELinux security context string
+  %d   device number in decimal
+  %D   device number in hex
+  %f   raw mode in hex
+  %F   file type
+  %g   group ID of owner
+  %G   group name of owner
+  %h   number of hard links
+  %i   inode number
+  %m   mount point
+  %n   file name
+  %N   quoted file name with dereference if symbolic link
+  %o   optimal I/O transfer size hint
+  %s   total size, in bytes
+  %t   major device type in hex, for character/block device special files
+  %T   minor device type in hex, for character/block device special files
+  %u   user ID of owner
+  %U   user name of owner
+  %w   time of file birth, human-readable; - if unknown
+  %W   time of file birth, seconds since Epoch; 0 if unknown
+  %x   time of last access, human-readable
+  %X   time of last access, seconds since Epoch
+  %y   time of last data modification, human-readable
+  %Y   time of last data modification, seconds since Epoch
+  %z   time of last status change, human-readable
+  %Z   time of last status change, seconds since Epoch
+
+Valid format sequences for file systems:
+
+  %a   free blocks available to non-superuser
+  %b   total data blocks in file system
+  %c   total file nodes in file system
+  %d   free file nodes in file system
+  %f   free blocks in file system
+  %i   file system ID in hex
+  %l   maximum length of filenames
+  %n   file name
+  %s   block size (for faster transfers)
+  %S   fundamental block size (for block counts)
+  %t   file system type in hex
+  %T   file system type in human readable form
+
+NOTE: your shell may have its own version of stat, which usually supersedes
+the version described here.  Please refer to your shell's documentation
+for details about the options it supports.

src/uu/tr/src/tr.rs

@@ -19,8 +19,11 @@ use crate::operation::DeleteOperation;
 use uucore::display::Quotable;
 use uucore::error::{UResult, USimpleError, UUsageError};
 
-static ABOUT: &str = "Translate or delete characters";
+const ABOUT: &str = "Translate or delete characters";
 const USAGE: &str = "{} [OPTION]... SET1 [SET2]";
+const LONG_USAGE: &str = "\
+    Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input, \
+    writing to standard output.";
 
 mod options {
     pub const COMPLEMENT: &str = "complement";
@@ -30,19 +33,11 @@ mod options {
     pub const SETS: &str = "sets";
 }
 
-fn get_long_usage() -> String {
-    "Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input, \
-     writing to standard output."
-        .to_string()
-}
-
 #[uucore::main]
 pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
     let args = args.collect_lossy();
 
-    let matches = uu_app()
+    let matches = uu_app().after_help(LONG_USAGE).try_get_matches_from(args)?;
-        .after_help(get_long_usage())
-        .try_get_matches_from(args)?;
 
     let delete_flag = matches.get_flag(options::DELETE);
     let complement_flag = matches.get_flag(options::COMPLEMENT);

src/uu/truncate/src/truncate.rs

@@ -73,8 +73,25 @@ impl TruncateMode {
     }
 }
 
-static ABOUT: &str = "Shrink or extend the size of each file to the specified size.";
+const ABOUT: &str = "Shrink or extend the size of each file to the specified size.";
 const USAGE: &str = "{} [OPTION]... [FILE]...";
+const LONG_USAGE: &str = "\
+SIZE is an integer with an optional prefix and optional unit.
+The available units (K, M, G, T, P, E, Z, and Y) use the following format:
+    'KB' =>           1000 (kilobytes)
+    'K'  =>           1024 (kibibytes)
+    'MB' =>      1000*1000 (megabytes)
+    'M'  =>      1024*1024 (mebibytes)
+    'GB' => 1000*1000*1000 (gigabytes)
+    'G'  => 1024*1024*1024 (gibibytes)
+SIZE may also be prefixed by one of the following to adjust the size of each
+file based on its current size:
+    '+'  => extend by
+    '-'  => reduce by
+    '<'  => at most
+    '>'  => at least
+    '/'  => round down to multiple of
+    '%'  => round up to multiple of";
 
 pub mod options {
     pub static IO_BLOCKS: &str = "io-blocks";
@@ -84,32 +101,10 @@ pub mod options {
     pub static ARG_FILES: &str = "files";
 }
 
-fn get_long_usage() -> String {
-    String::from(
-        "
-    SIZE is an integer with an optional prefix and optional unit.
-    The available units (K, M, G, T, P, E, Z, and Y) use the following format:
-        'KB' =>           1000 (kilobytes)
-        'K'  =>           1024 (kibibytes)
-        'MB' =>      1000*1000 (megabytes)
-        'M'  =>      1024*1024 (mebibytes)
-        'GB' => 1000*1000*1000 (gigabytes)
-        'G'  => 1024*1024*1024 (gibibytes)
-    SIZE may also be prefixed by one of the following to adjust the size of each
-    file based on its current size:
-        '+'  => extend by
-        '-'  => reduce by
-        '<'  => at most
-        '>'  => at least
-        '/'  => round down to multiple of
-        '%'  => round up to multiple of",
-    )
-}
-
 #[uucore::main]
 pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
     let matches = uu_app()
-        .after_help(get_long_usage())
+        .after_help(LONG_USAGE)
         .try_get_matches_from(args)
         .map_err(|e| {
             e.print().expect("Error writing clap::Error");

src/uu/uniq/src/uniq.rs

@@ -15,8 +15,14 @@ use uucore::display::Quotable;
 use uucore::error::{FromIo, UResult, USimpleError, UUsageError};
 use uucore::format_usage;
 
-static ABOUT: &str = "Report or omit repeated lines.";
+const ABOUT: &str = "Report or omit repeated lines.";
 const USAGE: &str = "{} [OPTION]... [INPUT [OUTPUT]]...";
+const LONG_USAGE: &str = "\
+    Filter adjacent matching lines from INPUT (or standard input),\n\
+    writing to OUTPUT (or standard output).\n\n\
+    Note: 'uniq' does not detect repeated lines unless they are adjacent.\n\
+    You may want to sort the input first, or use 'sort -u' without 'uniq'.";
+
 pub mod options {
     pub static ALL_REPEATED: &str = "all-repeated";
     pub static CHECK_CHARS: &str = "check-chars";
@@ -241,20 +247,9 @@ fn opt_parsed<T: FromStr>(opt_name: &str, matches: &ArgMatches) -> UResult<Optio
     })
 }
 
-fn get_long_usage() -> String {
-    String::from(
-        "Filter adjacent matching lines from INPUT (or standard input),\n\
-        writing to OUTPUT (or standard output).
-        Note: 'uniq' does not detect repeated lines unless they are adjacent.\n\
-        You may want to sort the input first, or use 'sort -u' without 'uniq'.\n",
-    )
-}
-
 #[uucore::main]
 pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
-    let matches = uu_app()
+    let matches = uu_app().after_help(LONG_USAGE).try_get_matches_from(args)?;
-        .after_help(get_long_usage())
-        .try_get_matches_from(args)?;
 
     let files: Vec<String> = matches
         .get_many::<String>(ARG_FILES)