Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/uutils/coreutils

src/uu/sort/BENCHMARKING.md

@@ -90,3 +90,44 @@ duplicate the string you passed to hyperfine but remove the `target/release/core
 Example: `hyperfine "target/release/coreutils sort shuffled_numbers_si.txt -h -o output.txt"` becomes
 `hyperfine "target/release/coreutils sort shuffled_numbers_si.txt -h -o output.txt" "sort shuffled_numbers_si.txt -h -o output.txt"`
 (This assumes GNU sort is installed as `sort`)
+
+## Memory and CPU usage
+
+The above benchmarks use hyperfine to measure the speed of sorting. There are however other useful metrics to determine overall
+resource usage. One way to measure them is the `time` command. This is not to be confused with the `time` that is built in to the bash shell.
+You may have to install `time` first, then you have to run it with `/bin/time -v` to give it precedence over the built in `time`.
+
+<details>
+      <summary>Example output</summary>
+
+      Command being timed: "target/release/coreutils sort shuffled_numbers.txt"
+      User time (seconds): 0.10
+      System time (seconds): 0.00
+      Percent of CPU this job got: 365%
+      Elapsed (wall clock) time (h:mm:ss or m:ss): 0:00.02
+      Average shared text size (kbytes): 0
+      Average unshared data size (kbytes): 0
+      Average stack size (kbytes): 0
+      Average total size (kbytes): 0
+      Maximum resident set size (kbytes): 25360
+      Average resident set size (kbytes): 0
+      Major (requiring I/O) page faults: 0
+      Minor (reclaiming a frame) page faults: 5802
+      Voluntary context switches: 462
+      Involuntary context switches: 73
+      Swaps: 0
+      File system inputs: 1184
+      File system outputs: 0
+      Socket messages sent: 0
+      Socket messages received: 0
+      Signals delivered: 0
+      Page size (bytes): 4096
+      Exit status: 0
+
+</details>
+
+Useful metrics to look at could be:
+
+-   User time
+-   Percent of CPU this job got
+-   Maximum resident set size

tests/by-util/test_cksum.rs

@@ -62,14 +62,16 @@ fn test_invalid_file() {
     let folder_name = "asdf";
 
     // First check when file doesn't exist
-    ts.ucmd().arg(folder_name)
+    ts.ucmd()
+        .arg(folder_name)
         .fails()
         .no_stdout()
         .stderr_contains("cksum: error: 'asdf' No such file or directory");
-    
+
     // Then check when the file is of an invalid type
     at.mkdir(folder_name);
-    ts.ucmd().arg(folder_name)
+    ts.ucmd()
+        .arg(folder_name)
         .fails()
         .no_stdout()
         .stderr_contains("cksum: error: 'asdf' Is a directory");

tests/by-util/test_hostid.rs

@@ -4,10 +4,6 @@ use self::regex::Regex;
 
 #[test]
 fn test_normal() {
-    let (_, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-    let result = ucmd.run();
-
-    assert!(result.success);
     let re = Regex::new(r"^[0-9a-f]{8}").unwrap();
-    assert!(re.is_match(&result.stdout_str()));
+    new_ucmd!().succeeds().stdout_matches(&re);
 }

tests/by-util/test_hostname.rs

@@ -14,9 +14,7 @@ fn test_hostname() {
 #[cfg(not(target_vendor = "apple"))]
 #[test]
 fn test_hostname_ip() {
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-i").run();
-    println!("{:#?}", result);
-    assert!(result.success);
+    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-i").succeeds();
     assert!(!result.stdout_str().trim().is_empty());
 }
 

tests/by-util/test_id.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,32 @@
 use crate::common::util::*;
 
+// Apparently some CI environments have configuration issues, e.g. with 'whoami' and 'id'.
+// If we are running inside the CI and "needle" is in "stderr" skipping this test is
+// considered okay. If we are not inside the CI this calls assert!(result.success).
+//
+// From the Logs: "Build (ubuntu-18.04, x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu, feat_os_unix, use-cross)"
+// stderr: "whoami: cannot find name for user ID 1001"
+// Maybe: "adduser --uid 1001 username" can put things right?
+// stderr = id: error: Could not find uid 1001: No such id: 1001
+fn skipping_test_is_okay(result: &CmdResult, needle: &str) -> bool {
+    if !result.succeeded() {
+        println!("result.stdout = {}", result.stdout_str());
+        println!("result.stderr = {}", result.stderr_str());
+        if is_ci() && result.stderr_str().contains(needle) {
+            println!("test skipped:");
+            return true;
+        } else {
+            result.success();
+        }
+    }
+    false
+}
+
 fn return_whoami_username() -> String {
     let scene = TestScenario::new("whoami");
     let result = scene.cmd("whoami").run();
-    if is_ci() && result.stderr.contains("cannot find name for user ID") {
-        // In the CI, some server are failing to return whoami.
-        // As seems to be a configuration issue, ignoring it
+    if skipping_test_is_okay(&result, "whoami: cannot find name for user ID") {
+        println!("test skipped:");
         return String::from("");
     }
 
@@ -14,40 +35,41 @@ fn return_whoami_username() -> String {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_id() {
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-u").run();
-    if result.stderr.contains("cannot find name for user ID") {
-        // In the CI, some server are failing to return whoami.
-        // As seems to be a configuration issue, ignoring it
+    let scene = TestScenario::new(util_name!());
+
+    let result = scene.ucmd().arg("-u").succeeds();
+    let uid = result.stdout_str().trim();
+
+    let result = scene.ucmd().run();
+    if skipping_test_is_okay(&result, "Could not find uid") {
         return;
     }
 
-    let uid = result.success().stdout_str().trim();
-    let result = new_ucmd!().run();
-    if is_ci() && result.stderr.contains("cannot find name for user ID") {
-        // In the CI, some server are failing to return whoami.
-        // As seems to be a configuration issue, ignoring it
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if !result.stderr_str().contains("Could not find uid") {
-        // Verify that the id found by --user/-u exists in the list
-        result.success().stdout_contains(&uid);
-    }
+    // Verify that the id found by --user/-u exists in the list
+    result.stdout_contains(uid);
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_id_from_name() {
     let username = return_whoami_username();
-    if username == "" {
-        // Sometimes, the CI is failing here
+    if username.is_empty() {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let scene = TestScenario::new(util_name!());
+    let result = scene.ucmd().arg(&username).run();
+    if skipping_test_is_okay(&result, "Could not find uid") {
         return;
     }
 
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg(&username).succeeds();
     let uid = result.stdout_str().trim();
 
-    new_ucmd!()
-        .succeeds()
+    let result = scene.ucmd().run();
+    if skipping_test_is_okay(&result, "Could not find uid") {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    result
         // Verify that the id found by --user/-u exists in the list
         .stdout_contains(uid)
         // Verify that the username found by whoami exists in the list
@@ -56,48 +78,42 @@ fn test_id_from_name() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_id_name_from_id() {
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-u").succeeds();
-    let uid = result.stdout_str().trim();
+    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-nu").run();
 
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-nu").arg(uid).run();
-    if is_ci() && result.stderr.contains("No such user/group") {
-        // In the CI, some server are failing to return whoami.
-        // As seems to be a configuration issue, ignoring it
+    let username_id = result.stdout_str().trim();
+
+    let username_whoami = return_whoami_username();
+    if username_whoami.is_empty() {
         return;
     }
 
-    let username_id = result.success().stdout_str().trim();
-
-    let scene = TestScenario::new("whoami");
-    let result = scene.cmd("whoami").succeeds();
-
-    let username_whoami = result.stdout_str().trim();
-
     assert_eq!(username_id, username_whoami);
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_id_group() {
-    let mut result = new_ucmd!().arg("-g").succeeds();
+    let scene = TestScenario::new(util_name!());
+
+    let mut result = scene.ucmd().arg("-g").succeeds();
     let s1 = result.stdout_str().trim();
     assert!(s1.parse::<f64>().is_ok());
 
-    result = new_ucmd!().arg("--group").succeeds();
+    result = scene.ucmd().arg("--group").succeeds();
     let s1 = result.stdout_str().trim();
     assert!(s1.parse::<f64>().is_ok());
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_id_groups() {
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-G").succeeds();
-    assert!(result.success);
+    let scene = TestScenario::new(util_name!());
+
+    let result = scene.ucmd().arg("-G").succeeds();
     let groups = result.stdout_str().trim().split_whitespace();
     for s in groups {
         assert!(s.parse::<f64>().is_ok());
     }
 
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("--groups").succeeds();
-    assert!(result.success);
+    let result = scene.ucmd().arg("--groups").succeeds();
     let groups = result.stdout_str().trim().split_whitespace();
     for s in groups {
         assert!(s.parse::<f64>().is_ok());
@@ -106,11 +122,13 @@ fn test_id_groups() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_id_user() {
-    let mut result = new_ucmd!().arg("-u").succeeds();
+    let scene = TestScenario::new(util_name!());
+
+    let result = scene.ucmd().arg("-u").succeeds();
     let s1 = result.stdout_str().trim();
     assert!(s1.parse::<f64>().is_ok());
 
-    result = new_ucmd!().arg("--user").succeeds();
+    let result = scene.ucmd().arg("--user").succeeds();
     let s1 = result.stdout_str().trim();
     assert!(s1.parse::<f64>().is_ok());
 }
@@ -118,28 +136,34 @@ fn test_id_user() {
 #[test]
 fn test_id_pretty_print() {
     let username = return_whoami_username();
-    if username == "" {
-        // Sometimes, the CI is failing here
+    if username.is_empty() {
         return;
     }
 
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-p").run();
-    if result.stdout_str().trim() == "" {
-        // Sometimes, the CI is failing here with
-        // old rust versions on Linux
+    let scene = TestScenario::new(util_name!());
+    let result = scene.ucmd().arg("-p").run();
+    if result.stdout_str().trim().is_empty() {
+        // this fails only on: "MinRustV (ubuntu-latest, feat_os_unix)"
+        // `rustc 1.40.0 (73528e339 2019-12-16)`
+        // run: /home/runner/work/coreutils/coreutils/target/debug/coreutils id -p
+        // thread 'test_id::test_id_pretty_print' panicked at 'Command was expected to succeed.
+        // stdout =
+        // stderr = ', tests/common/util.rs:157:13
+        println!("test skipped:");
         return;
     }
+
     result.success().stdout_contains(username);
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_id_password_style() {
     let username = return_whoami_username();
-    if username == "" {
-        // Sometimes, the CI is failing here
+    if username.is_empty() {
         return;
     }
 
     let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-P").succeeds();
+
     assert!(result.stdout_str().starts_with(&username));
 }

tests/by-util/test_mktemp.rs

@@ -388,8 +388,7 @@ fn test_mktemp_tmpdir_one_arg() {
         .arg("--tmpdir")
         .arg("apt-key-gpghome.XXXXXXXXXX")
         .succeeds();
-    result.no_stderr()
-          .stdout_contains("apt-key-gpghome.");
+    result.no_stderr().stdout_contains("apt-key-gpghome.");
     assert!(PathBuf::from(result.stdout_str().trim()).is_file());
 }
 

tests/by-util/test_nproc.rs

@@ -2,54 +2,46 @@ use crate::common::util::*;
 
 #[test]
 fn test_nproc() {
-    let (_, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-    let result = ucmd.run();
-    assert!(result.success);
-    let nproc: u8 = result.stdout.trim().parse().unwrap();
+    let nproc: u8 = new_ucmd!().succeeds().stdout_str().trim().parse().unwrap();
     assert!(nproc > 0);
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_nproc_all_omp() {
-    let (_, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-    let result = ucmd.arg("--all").run();
-    assert!(result.success);
-    let nproc: u8 = result.stdout.trim().parse().unwrap();
+    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("--all").succeeds();
+
+    let nproc: u8 = result.stdout_str().trim().parse().unwrap();
     assert!(nproc > 0);
 
     let result = TestScenario::new(util_name!())
         .ucmd_keepenv()
         .env("OMP_NUM_THREADS", "1")
-        .run();
-    assert!(result.success);
-    let nproc_omp: u8 = result.stdout.trim().parse().unwrap();
+        .succeeds();
+
+    let nproc_omp: u8 = result.stdout_str().trim().parse().unwrap();
     assert!(nproc - 1 == nproc_omp);
 
     let result = TestScenario::new(util_name!())
         .ucmd_keepenv()
         .env("OMP_NUM_THREADS", "1") // Has no effect
         .arg("--all")
-        .run();
-    assert!(result.success);
-    let nproc_omp: u8 = result.stdout.trim().parse().unwrap();
+        .succeeds();
+    let nproc_omp: u8 = result.stdout_str().trim().parse().unwrap();
     assert!(nproc == nproc_omp);
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_nproc_ignore() {
-    let (_, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-    let result = ucmd.run();
-    assert!(result.success);
-    let nproc: u8 = result.stdout.trim().parse().unwrap();
+    let result = new_ucmd!().succeeds();
+    let nproc: u8 = result.stdout_str().trim().parse().unwrap();
     if nproc > 1 {
         // Ignore all CPU but one
         let result = TestScenario::new(util_name!())
             .ucmd_keepenv()
             .arg("--ignore")
             .arg((nproc - 1).to_string())
-            .run();
-        assert!(result.success);
-        let nproc: u8 = result.stdout.trim().parse().unwrap();
+            .succeeds();
+        let nproc: u8 = result.stdout_str().trim().parse().unwrap();
         assert!(nproc == 1);
     }
 }

tests/by-util/test_pinky.rs

@@ -75,5 +75,5 @@ fn expected_result(args: &[&str]) -> String {
         .env("LANGUAGE", "C")
         .args(args)
         .run()
-        .stdout
+        .stdout_move_str()
 }

tests/by-util/test_printenv.rs

@@ -7,10 +7,11 @@ fn test_get_all() {
     env::set_var(key, "VALUE");
     assert_eq!(env::var(key), Ok("VALUE".to_string()));
 
-    let result = TestScenario::new(util_name!()).ucmd_keepenv().run();
-    assert!(result.success);
-    assert!(result.stdout.contains("HOME="));
-    assert!(result.stdout.contains("KEY=VALUE"));
+    TestScenario::new(util_name!())
+        .ucmd_keepenv()
+        .succeeds()
+        .stdout_contains("HOME=")
+        .stdout_contains("KEY=VALUE");
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -22,9 +23,8 @@ fn test_get_var() {
     let result = TestScenario::new(util_name!())
         .ucmd_keepenv()
         .arg("KEY")
-        .run();
+        .succeeds();
 
-    assert!(result.success);
-    assert!(!result.stdout.is_empty());
-    assert!(result.stdout.trim() == "VALUE");
+    assert!(!result.stdout_str().is_empty());
+    assert!(result.stdout_str().trim() == "VALUE");
 }

tests/by-util/test_readlink.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ static GIBBERISH: &'static str = "supercalifragilisticexpialidocious";
 #[test]
 fn test_canonicalize() {
     let (at, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-    let actual = ucmd.arg("-f").arg(".").run().stdout;
+    let actual = ucmd.arg("-f").arg(".").run().stdout_move_str();
     let expect = at.root_dir_resolved() + "\n";
     println!("actual: {:?}", actual);
     println!("expect: {:?}", expect);
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ fn test_canonicalize() {
 #[test]
 fn test_canonicalize_existing() {
     let (at, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-    let actual = ucmd.arg("-e").arg(".").run().stdout;
+    let actual = ucmd.arg("-e").arg(".").run().stdout_move_str();
     let expect = at.root_dir_resolved() + "\n";
     println!("actual: {:?}", actual);
     println!("expect: {:?}", expect);
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ fn test_canonicalize_existing() {
 #[test]
 fn test_canonicalize_missing() {
     let (at, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-    let actual = ucmd.arg("-m").arg(GIBBERISH).run().stdout;
+    let actual = ucmd.arg("-m").arg(GIBBERISH).run().stdout_move_str();
     let expect = path_concat!(at.root_dir_resolved(), GIBBERISH) + "\n";
     println!("actual: {:?}", actual);
     println!("expect: {:?}", expect);
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ fn test_long_redirection_to_current_dir() {
     let (at, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
     // Create a 256-character path to current directory
     let dir = path_concat!(".", ..128);
-    let actual = ucmd.arg("-n").arg("-m").arg(dir).run().stdout;
+    let actual = ucmd.arg("-n").arg("-m").arg(dir).run().stdout_move_str();
     let expect = at.root_dir_resolved();
     println!("actual: {:?}", actual);
     println!("expect: {:?}", expect);
@@ -48,7 +48,12 @@ fn test_long_redirection_to_current_dir() {
 fn test_long_redirection_to_root() {
     // Create a 255-character path to root
     let dir = path_concat!("..", ..85);
-    let actual = new_ucmd!().arg("-n").arg("-m").arg(dir).run().stdout;
+    let actual = new_ucmd!()
+        .arg("-n")
+        .arg("-m")
+        .arg(dir)
+        .run()
+        .stdout_move_str();
     let expect = get_root_path();
     println!("actual: {:?}", actual);
     println!("expect: {:?}", expect);

tests/by-util/test_sort.rs

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ fn test_random_shuffle_len() {
     // check whether output is the same length as the input
     const FILE: &'static str = "default_unsorted_ints.expected";
     let (at, _ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-R").arg(FILE).run().stdout;
+    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-R").arg(FILE).run().stdout_move_str();
     let expected = at.read(FILE);
 
     assert_ne!(result, expected);
@@ -77,9 +77,9 @@ fn test_random_shuffle_contains_all_lines() {
     // check whether lines of input are all in output
     const FILE: &'static str = "default_unsorted_ints.expected";
     let (at, _ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-R").arg(FILE).run().stdout;
+    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-R").arg(FILE).run().stdout_move_str();
     let expected = at.read(FILE);
-    let result_sorted = new_ucmd!().pipe_in(result.clone()).run().stdout;
+    let result_sorted = new_ucmd!().pipe_in(result.clone()).run().stdout_move_str();
 
     assert_ne!(result, expected);
     assert_eq!(result_sorted, expected);
@@ -92,9 +92,9 @@ fn test_random_shuffle_two_runs_not_the_same() {
     // as the starting order, or if both random sorts end up having the same order.
     const FILE: &'static str = "default_unsorted_ints.expected";
     let (at, _ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-R").arg(FILE).run().stdout;
+    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-R").arg(FILE).run().stdout_move_str();
     let expected = at.read(FILE);
-    let unexpected = new_ucmd!().arg("-R").arg(FILE).run().stdout;
+    let unexpected = new_ucmd!().arg("-R").arg(FILE).run().stdout_move_str();
 
     assert_ne!(result, expected);
     assert_ne!(result, unexpected);
@@ -107,9 +107,9 @@ fn test_random_shuffle_contains_two_runs_not_the_same() {
     // as the starting order, or if both random sorts end up having the same order.
     const FILE: &'static str = "default_unsorted_ints.expected";
     let (at, _ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-R").arg(FILE).run().stdout;
+    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-R").arg(FILE).run().stdout_move_str();
     let expected = at.read(FILE);
-    let unexpected = new_ucmd!().arg("-R").arg(FILE).run().stdout;
+    let unexpected = new_ucmd!().arg("-R").arg(FILE).run().stdout_move_str();
 
     assert_ne!(result, expected);
     assert_ne!(result, unexpected);

tests/by-util/test_sync.rs

@@ -5,8 +5,7 @@ use tempfile::tempdir;
 
 #[test]
 fn test_sync_default() {
-    let result = new_ucmd!().run();
-    assert!(result.success);
+    new_ucmd!().succeeds();
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -18,8 +17,10 @@ fn test_sync_incorrect_arg() {
 fn test_sync_fs() {
     let temporary_directory = tempdir().unwrap();
     let temporary_path = fs::canonicalize(temporary_directory.path()).unwrap();
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("--file-system").arg(&temporary_path).run();
-    assert!(result.success);
+    new_ucmd!()
+        .arg("--file-system")
+        .arg(&temporary_path)
+        .succeeds();
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -27,12 +28,14 @@ fn test_sync_data() {
     // Todo add a second arg
     let temporary_directory = tempdir().unwrap();
     let temporary_path = fs::canonicalize(temporary_directory.path()).unwrap();
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("--data").arg(&temporary_path).run();
-    assert!(result.success);
+    new_ucmd!().arg("--data").arg(&temporary_path).succeeds();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_sync_no_existing_files() {
-    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("--data").arg("do-no-exist").fails();
-    assert!(result.stderr.contains("error: cannot stat"));
+    new_ucmd!()
+        .arg("--data")
+        .arg("do-no-exist")
+        .fails()
+        .stderr_contains("error: cannot stat");
 }

tests/by-util/test_tsort.rs

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ fn test_version_flag() {
     let version_short = new_ucmd!().arg("-V").run();
     let version_long = new_ucmd!().arg("--version").run();
 
-    assert_eq!(version_short.stdout, version_long.stdout);
+    assert_eq!(version_short.stdout(), version_long.stdout());
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ fn test_help_flag() {
     let help_short = new_ucmd!().arg("-h").run();
     let help_long = new_ucmd!().arg("--help").run();
 
-    assert_eq!(help_short.stdout, help_long.stdout);
+    assert_eq!(help_short.stdout(), help_long.stdout());
 }
 
 #[test]

tests/by-util/test_uname.rs

@@ -2,60 +2,41 @@ use crate::common::util::*;
 
 #[test]
 fn test_uname_compatible() {
-    let (_, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-
-    let result = ucmd.arg("-a").run();
-    assert!(result.success);
+    new_ucmd!().arg("-a").succeeds();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_uname_name() {
-    let (_, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-
-    let result = ucmd.arg("-n").run();
-    assert!(result.success);
+    new_ucmd!().arg("-n").succeeds();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_uname_processor() {
-    let (_, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-
-    let result = ucmd.arg("-p").run();
-    assert!(result.success);
-    assert_eq!(result.stdout.trim_end(), "unknown");
+    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-p").succeeds();
+    assert_eq!(result.stdout_str().trim_end(), "unknown");
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_uname_hwplatform() {
-    let (_, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-
-    let result = ucmd.arg("-i").run();
-    assert!(result.success);
-    assert_eq!(result.stdout.trim_end(), "unknown");
+    let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-i").succeeds();
+    assert_eq!(result.stdout_str().trim_end(), "unknown");
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_uname_machine() {
-    let (_, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-
-    let result = ucmd.arg("-m").run();
-    assert!(result.success);
+    new_ucmd!().arg("-m").succeeds();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_uname_kernel_version() {
-    let (_, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-
-    let result = ucmd.arg("-v").run();
-    assert!(result.success);
+    new_ucmd!().arg("-v").succeeds();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_uname_kernel() {
     let (_, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
 
-    let result = ucmd.arg("-o").run();
-    assert!(result.success);
+    let result = ucmd.arg("-o").succeeds();
     #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
-    assert!(result.stdout.to_lowercase().contains("linux"));
+    assert!(result.stdout_str().to_lowercase().contains("linux"));
 }

tests/by-util/test_uptime.rs

@@ -4,33 +4,23 @@ use crate::common::util::*;
 
 #[test]
 fn test_uptime() {
-    let result = TestScenario::new(util_name!()).ucmd_keepenv().run();
+    TestScenario::new(util_name!())
+        .ucmd_keepenv()
+        .succeeds()
+        .stdout_contains("load average:")
+        .stdout_contains(" up ");
 
-    println!("stdout = {}", result.stdout);
-    println!("stderr = {}", result.stderr);
-
-    assert!(result.success);
-    assert!(result.stdout.contains("load average:"));
-    assert!(result.stdout.contains(" up "));
     // Don't check for users as it doesn't show in some CI
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_uptime_since() {
-    let scene = TestScenario::new(util_name!());
-
-    let result = scene.ucmd().arg("--since").succeeds();
-
-    println!("stdout = {}", result.stdout);
-    println!("stderr = {}", result.stderr);
-
-    assert!(result.success);
     let re = Regex::new(r"\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}").unwrap();
-    assert!(re.is_match(&result.stdout.trim()));
+
+    new_ucmd!().arg("--since").succeeds().stdout_matches(&re);
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_failed() {
-    let (_at, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-    ucmd.arg("willfail").fails();
+    new_ucmd!().arg("willfail").fails();
 }

tests/by-util/test_users.rs

@@ -3,14 +3,11 @@ use std::env;
 
 #[test]
 fn test_users_noarg() {
-    let (_, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
-    let result = ucmd.run();
-    assert!(result.success);
+    new_ucmd!().succeeds();
 }
 #[test]
 fn test_users_check_name() {
-    let result = TestScenario::new(util_name!()).ucmd_keepenv().run();
-    assert!(result.success);
+    let result = TestScenario::new(util_name!()).ucmd_keepenv().succeeds();
 
     // Expectation: USER is often set
     let key = "USER";
@@ -21,9 +18,9 @@ fn test_users_check_name() {
         // Check if "users" contains the name of the user
         {
             println!("username found {}", &username);
-            println!("result.stdout {}", &result.stdout);
-            if !&result.stdout.is_empty() {
-                assert!(result.stdout.contains(&username))
+            // println!("result.stdout {}", &result.stdout);
+            if !result.stdout_str().is_empty() {
+                result.stdout_contains(&username);
             }
         }
     }

tests/by-util/test_whoami.rs

@@ -1,50 +1,63 @@
 use crate::common::util::*;
-use std::env;
+
+// Apparently some CI environments have configuration issues, e.g. with 'whoami' and 'id'.
+// If we are running inside the CI and "needle" is in "stderr" skipping this test is
+// considered okay. If we are not inside the CI this calls assert!(result.success).
+//
+// From the Logs: "Build (ubuntu-18.04, x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu, feat_os_unix, use-cross)"
+// stderr: "whoami: error: failed to get username"
+// Maybe: "adduser --uid 1001 username" can put things right?
+fn skipping_test_is_okay(result: &CmdResult, needle: &str) -> bool {
+    if !result.succeeded() {
+        println!("result.stdout = {}", result.stdout_str());
+        println!("result.stderr = {}", result.stderr_str());
+        if is_ci() && result.stderr_str().contains(needle) {
+            println!("test skipped:");
+            return true;
+        } else {
+            result.success();
+        }
+    }
+    false
+}
 
 #[test]
 fn test_normal() {
     let (_, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
 
     let result = ucmd.run();
-    println!("result.stdout = {}", result.stdout);
-    println!("result.stderr = {}", result.stderr);
-    println!("env::var(CI).is_ok() = {}", env::var("CI").is_ok());
 
-    for (key, value) in env::vars() {
-        println!("{}: {}", key, value);
-    }
-    if is_ci() && result.stderr.contains("failed to get username") {
-        // In the CI, some server are failing to return whoami.
-        // As seems to be a configuration issue, ignoring it
+    // use std::env;
+    // println!("env::var(CI).is_ok() = {}", env::var("CI").is_ok());
+    // for (key, value) in env::vars() {
+    //     println!("{}: {}", key, value);
+    // }
+
+    if skipping_test_is_okay(&result, "failed to get username") {
         return;
     }
 
-    assert!(result.success);
-    assert!(!result.stdout.trim().is_empty());
+    result.no_stderr();
+    assert!(!result.stdout_str().trim().is_empty());
 }
 
 #[test]
 #[cfg(not(windows))]
 fn test_normal_compare_id() {
-    let (_, mut ucmd) = at_and_ucmd!();
+    let scene = TestScenario::new(util_name!());
 
-    let result = ucmd.run();
-
-    println!("result.stdout = {}", result.stdout);
-    println!("result.stderr = {}", result.stderr);
-    if is_ci() && result.stderr.contains("failed to get username") {
-        // In the CI, some server are failing to return whoami.
-        // As seems to be a configuration issue, ignoring it
+    let result_ucmd = scene.ucmd().run();
+    if skipping_test_is_okay(&result_ucmd, "failed to get username") {
         return;
     }
-    assert!(result.success);
-    let ts = TestScenario::new("id");
-    let id = ts.cmd("id").arg("-un").run();
 
-    if is_ci() && id.stderr.contains("cannot find name for user ID") {
-        // In the CI, some server are failing to return whoami.
-        // As seems to be a configuration issue, ignoring it
+    let result_cmd = scene.cmd("id").arg("-un").run();
+    if skipping_test_is_okay(&result_cmd, "cannot find name for user ID") {
         return;
     }
-    assert_eq!(result.stdout.trim(), id.stdout.trim());
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        result_ucmd.stdout_str().trim(),
+        result_cmd.stdout_str().trim()
+    );
 }