RGBCube/uutils-coreutils
1
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/RGBCube/uutils-coreutils synced 2025-07-27 11:07:44 +00:00
Code Issues Activity

Merge pull request #4743 from sylvestre/cognitive_complexity

Browse source 
Reduce cognitive complexity: just move some of the contents in functions
This commit is contained in:
Sylvestre Ledru 2023-04-18 08:06:12 +02:00 • committed by GitHub
commit e734be6775
No known key found for this signature in database
GPG key ID: 4AEE18F83AFDEB23
4 changed files with 592 additions and 325 deletions
Download patch file Download diff file Expand all files Collapse all files

61
src/uu/fmt/src/fmt.rs
View file

@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use clap::{crate_version, Arg, ArgAction, Command};
use std::cmp;
use std::fs::File;
use std::io::{stdin, stdout, Write};
use std::io::{BufReader, BufWriter, Read};
use std::io::{BufReader, BufWriter, Read, Stdout};
use uucore::display::Quotable;
use uucore::error::{FromIo, UResult, USimpleError};
use uucore::{format_usage, help_about, help_usage, show_warning};
@ -60,10 +60,16 @@ pub struct FmtOptions {
goal: usize,
tabwidth: usize,
}
#[uucore::main]
#[allow(clippy::cognitive_complexity)]
pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
/// Parse the command line arguments and return the list of files and formatting options.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `args` - Command line arguments.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// A tuple containing a vector of file names and a `FmtOptions` struct.
fn parse_arguments(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<(Vec<String>, FmtOptions)> {
let matches = uu_app().try_get_matches_from(args)?;
let mut files: Vec<String> = matches
@ -177,20 +183,37 @@ pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
files.push("-".to_owned());
}
let mut ostream = BufWriter::new(stdout());
Ok((files, fmt_opts))
}
for i in files.iter().map(|x| &x[..]) {
let mut fp = match i {
/// Process the content of a file and format it according to the provided options.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `file_name` - The name of the file to process. A value of "-" represents the standard input.
/// * `fmt_opts` - A reference to a `FmtOptions` struct containing the formatting options.
/// * `ostream` - A mutable reference to a `BufWriter` wrapping the standard output.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// A `UResult<()>` indicating success or failure.
fn process_file(
file_name: &str,
fmt_opts: &FmtOptions,
ostream: &mut BufWriter<Stdout>,
) -> UResult<()> {
let mut fp = match file_name {
"-" => BufReader::new(Box::new(stdin()) as Box<dyn Read + 'static>),
_ => match File::open(i) {
_ => match File::open(file_name) {
Ok(f) => BufReader::new(Box::new(f) as Box<dyn Read + 'static>),
Err(e) => {
show_warning!("{}: {}", i.maybe_quote(), e);
continue;
show_warning!("{}: {}", file_name.maybe_quote(), e);
return Ok(());
}
},
};
let p_stream = ParagraphStream::new(&fmt_opts, &mut fp);
let p_stream = ParagraphStream::new(fmt_opts, &mut fp);
for para_result in p_stream {
match para_result {
Err(s) => {
@ -201,7 +224,7 @@ pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
.write_all(b"\n")
.map_err_context(|| "failed to write output".to_string())?;
}
Ok(para) => break_lines(&para, &fmt_opts, &mut ostream)
Ok(para) => break_lines(&para, fmt_opts, ostream)
.map_err_context(|| "failed to write output".to_string())?,
}
}
@ -210,6 +233,18 @@ pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
ostream
.flush()
.map_err_context(|| "failed to write output".to_string())?;
Ok(())
}
#[uucore::main]
pub fn uumain(args: impl uucore::Args) -> UResult<()> {
let (files, fmt_opts) = parse_arguments(args)?;
let mut ostream = BufWriter::new(stdout());
for file_name in &files {
process_file(file_name, &fmt_opts, &mut ostream)?;
}
Ok(())

193
src/uu/hashsum/src/hashsum.rs
View file

@ -50,31 +50,23 @@ struct Options {
zero: bool,
}
#[allow(clippy::cognitive_complexity)]
fn detect_algo(
program: &str,
matches: &ArgMatches,
) -> (&'static str, Box<dyn Digest + 'static>, usize) {
let mut alg: Option<Box<dyn Digest>> = None;
let mut name: &'static str = "";
let mut output_bits = 0;
match program {
"md5sum" => ("MD5", Box::new(Md5::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 128),
"sha1sum" => ("SHA1", Box::new(Sha1::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 160),
"sha224sum" => ("SHA224", Box::new(Sha224::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 224),
"sha256sum" => ("SHA256", Box::new(Sha256::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 256),
"sha384sum" => ("SHA384", Box::new(Sha384::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 384),
"sha512sum" => ("SHA512", Box::new(Sha512::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 512),
"b2sum" => match matches.get_one::<usize>("length") {
// by default, blake2 uses 64 bytes (512 bits)
// --length=0 falls back to default behavior
/// Creates a Blake2b hasher instance based on the specified length argument.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// Returns a tuple containing the algorithm name, the hasher instance, and the output length in bits.
///
/// # Panics
///
/// Panics if the length is not a multiple of 8 or if it is greater than 512.
fn create_blake2b(matches: &ArgMatches) -> (&'static str, Box<dyn Digest>, usize) {
match matches.get_one::<usize>("length") {
Some(0) | None => ("BLAKE2", Box::new(Blake2b::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 512),
Some(length_in_bits) => {
if *length_in_bits > 512 {
crash!(1, "Invalid length (maximum digest length is 512 bits)")
}
// blake2 output size must be a multiple of 8 bits
if length_in_bits % 8 == 0 {
let length_in_bytes = length_in_bits / 8;
(
@ -86,9 +78,20 @@ fn detect_algo(
crash!(1, "Invalid length (expected a multiple of 8)")
}
}
},
"b3sum" => ("BLAKE3", Box::new(Blake3::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 256),
"sha3sum" => match matches.get_one::<usize>("bits") {
}
}
/// Creates a SHA3 hasher instance based on the specified bits argument.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// Returns a tuple containing the algorithm name, the hasher instance, and the output length in bits.
///
/// # Panics
///
/// Panics if an unsupported output size is provided, or if the `--bits` flag is missing.
fn create_sha3(matches: &ArgMatches) -> (&'static str, Box<dyn Digest>, usize) {
match matches.get_one::<usize>("bits") {
Some(224) => (
"SHA3-224",
Box::new(Sha3_224::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>,
@ -114,7 +117,73 @@ fn detect_algo(
"Invalid output size for SHA3 (expected 224, 256, 384, or 512)"
),
None => crash!(1, "--bits required for SHA3"),
},
}
}
/// Creates a SHAKE-128 hasher instance based on the specified bits argument.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// Returns a tuple containing the algorithm name, the hasher instance, and the output length in bits.
///
/// # Panics
///
/// Panics if the `--bits` flag is missing.
fn create_shake128(matches: &ArgMatches) -> (&'static str, Box<dyn Digest>, usize) {
match matches.get_one::<usize>("bits") {
Some(bits) => (
"SHAKE128",
Box::new(Shake128::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>,
*bits,
),
None => crash!(1, "--bits required for SHAKE-128"),
}
}
/// Creates a SHAKE-256 hasher instance based on the specified bits argument.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// Returns a tuple containing the algorithm name, the hasher instance, and the output length in bits.
///
/// # Panics
///
/// Panics if the `--bits` flag is missing.
fn create_shake256(matches: &ArgMatches) -> (&'static str, Box<dyn Digest>, usize) {
match matches.get_one::<usize>("bits") {
Some(bits) => (
"SHAKE256",
Box::new(Shake256::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>,
*bits,
),
None => crash!(1, "--bits required for SHAKE-256"),
}
}
/// Detects the hash algorithm from the program name or command-line arguments.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `program` - A string slice containing the program name.
/// * `matches` - A reference to the `ArgMatches` object containing the command-line arguments.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// Returns a tuple containing the algorithm name, the hasher instance, and the output length in bits.
fn detect_algo(
program: &str,
matches: &ArgMatches,
) -> (&'static str, Box<dyn Digest + 'static>, usize) {
let (name, alg, output_bits) = match program {
"md5sum" => ("MD5", Box::new(Md5::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 128),
"sha1sum" => ("SHA1", Box::new(Sha1::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 160),
"sha224sum" => ("SHA224", Box::new(Sha224::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 224),
"sha256sum" => ("SHA256", Box::new(Sha256::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 256),
"sha384sum" => ("SHA384", Box::new(Sha384::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 384),
"sha512sum" => ("SHA512", Box::new(Sha512::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 512),
"b2sum" => create_blake2b(matches),
"b3sum" => ("BLAKE3", Box::new(Blake3::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>, 256),
"sha3sum" => create_sha3(matches),
"sha3-224sum" => (
"SHA3-224",
Box::new(Sha3_224::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>,
@ -135,32 +204,39 @@ fn detect_algo(
Box::new(Sha3_512::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>,
512,
),
"shake128sum" => match matches.get_one::<usize>("bits") {
Some(bits) => (
"SHAKE128",
Box::new(Shake128::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>,
*bits,
),
None => crash!(1, "--bits required for SHAKE-128"),
},
"shake256sum" => match matches.get_one::<usize>("bits") {
Some(bits) => (
"SHAKE256",
Box::new(Shake256::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>,
*bits,
),
None => crash!(1, "--bits required for SHAKE-256"),
},
_ => {
{
"shake128sum" => create_shake128(matches),
"shake256sum" => create_shake256(matches),
_ => create_algorithm_from_flags(matches),
};
(name, alg, output_bits)
}
/// Creates a hasher instance based on the command-line flags.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `matches` - A reference to the `ArgMatches` object containing the command-line arguments.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// Returns a tuple containing the algorithm name, the hasher instance, and the output length in bits.
///
/// # Panics
///
/// Panics if multiple hash algorithms are specified or if a required flag is missing.
fn create_algorithm_from_flags(matches: &ArgMatches) -> (&'static str, Box<dyn Digest>, usize) {
let mut alg: Option<Box<dyn Digest>> = None;
let mut name: &'static str = "";
let mut output_bits = 0;
let mut set_or_crash = |n, val, bits| {
if alg.is_some() {
crash!(1, "You cannot combine multiple hash algorithms!")
crash!(1, "You cannot combine multiple hash algorithms!");
};
name = n;
alg = Some(val);
output_bits = bits;
};
if matches.get_flag("md5") {
set_or_crash("MD5", Box::new(Md5::new()), 128);
}
@ -186,33 +262,8 @@ fn detect_algo(
set_or_crash("BLAKE3", Box::new(Blake3::new()), 256);
}
if matches.get_flag("sha3") {
match matches.get_one::<usize>("bits") {
Some(224) => set_or_crash(
"SHA3-224",
Box::new(Sha3_224::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>,
224,
),
Some(256) => set_or_crash(
"SHA3-256",
Box::new(Sha3_256::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>,
256,
),
Some(384) => set_or_crash(
"SHA3-384",
Box::new(Sha3_384::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>,
384,
),
Some(512) => set_or_crash(
"SHA3-512",
Box::new(Sha3_512::new()) as Box<dyn Digest>,
512,
),
Some(_) => crash!(
1,
"Invalid output size for SHA3 (expected 224, 256, 384, or 512)"
),
None => crash!(1, "--bits required for SHA3"),
}
let (n, val, bits) = create_sha3(matches);
set_or_crash(n, val, bits);
}
if matches.get_flag("sha3-224") {
set_or_crash("SHA3-224", Box::new(Sha3_224::new()), 224);
@ -238,11 +289,9 @@ fn detect_algo(
None => crash!(1, "--bits required for SHAKE-256"),
}
}
}
let alg = alg.unwrap_or_else(|| crash!(1, "You must specify hash algorithm!"));
(name, alg, output_bits)
}
}
}
// TODO: return custom error type

129
src/uu/install/src/install.rs
View file

@ -682,36 +682,23 @@ fn chown_optional_user_group(path: &Path, b: &Behavior) -> UResult<()> {
Ok(())
}
/// Copy one file to a new location, changing metadata.
///
/// Returns a Result type with the Err variant containing the error message.
/// Perform backup before overwriting.
///
/// # Parameters
///
/// _from_ must exist as a non-directory.
/// _to_ must be a non-existent file, whose parent directory exists.
/// * `to` - The destination file path.
/// * `b` - The behavior configuration.
///
/// # Errors
/// # Returns
///
/// If the copy system call fails, we print a verbose error and return an empty error value.
/// Returns an Option containing the backup path, or None if backup is not needed.
///
#[allow(clippy::cognitive_complexity)]
fn copy(from: &Path, to: &Path, b: &Behavior) -> UResult<()> {
if b.compare && !need_copy(from, to, b)? {
return Ok(());
}
// Declare the path here as we may need it for the verbose output below.
let mut backup_path = None;
// Perform backup, if any, before overwriting 'to'
//
// The codes actually making use of the backup process don't seem to agree
// on how best to approach the issue. (mv and ln, for example)
fn perform_backup(to: &Path, b: &Behavior) -> UResult<Option<PathBuf>> {
if to.exists() {
if b.verbose {
println!("removed {}", to.quote());
}
backup_path = backup_control::get_backup_path(b.backup_mode, to, &b.suffix);
let backup_path = backup_control::get_backup_path(b.backup_mode, to, &b.suffix);
if let Some(ref backup_path) = backup_path {
// TODO!!
if let Err(err) = fs::rename(to, backup_path) {
@ -723,8 +710,24 @@ fn copy(from: &Path, to: &Path, b: &Behavior) -> UResult<()> {
.into());
}
}
Ok(backup_path)
} else {
Ok(None)
}
}
/// Copy a file from one path to another.
///
/// # Parameters
///
/// * `from` - The source file path.
/// * `to` - The destination file path.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// Returns an empty Result or an error in case of failure.
///
fn copy_file(from: &Path, to: &Path) -> UResult<()> {
if from.as_os_str() == "/dev/null" {
/* workaround a limitation of fs::copy
* https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/79390
@ -737,8 +740,21 @@ fn copy(from: &Path, to: &Path, b: &Behavior) -> UResult<()> {
} else if let Err(err) = fs::copy(from, to) {
return Err(InstallError::InstallFailed(from.to_path_buf(), to.to_path_buf(), err).into());
}
Ok(())
}
if b.strip && cfg!(not(windows)) {
/// Strip a file using an external program.
///
/// # Parameters
///
/// * `to` - The destination file path.
/// * `b` - The behavior configuration.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// Returns an empty Result or an error in case of failure.
///
fn strip_file(to: &Path, b: &Behavior) -> UResult<()> {
match process::Command::new(&b.strip_program).arg(to).output() {
Ok(o) => {
if !o.status.success() {
@ -756,8 +772,21 @@ fn copy(from: &Path, to: &Path, b: &Behavior) -> UResult<()> {
return Err(InstallError::StripProgramFailed(e.to_string()).into());
}
}
}
Ok(())
}
/// Set ownership and permissions on the destination file.
///
/// # Parameters
///
/// * `to` - The destination file path.
/// * `b` - The behavior configuration.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// Returns an empty Result or an error in case of failure.
///
fn set_ownership_and_permissions(to: &Path, b: &Behavior) -> UResult<()> {
// Silent the warning as we want to the error message
#[allow(clippy::question_mark)]
if mode::chmod(to, b.mode()).is_err() {
@ -766,7 +795,21 @@ fn copy(from: &Path, to: &Path, b: &Behavior) -> UResult<()> {
chown_optional_user_group(to, b)?;
if b.preserve_timestamps {
Ok(())
}
/// Preserve timestamps on the destination file.
///
/// # Parameters
///
/// * `from` - The source file path.
/// * `to` - The destination file path.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// Returns an empty Result or an error in case of failure.
///
fn preserve_timestamps(from: &Path, to: &Path) -> UResult<()> {
let meta = match fs::metadata(from) {
Ok(meta) => meta,
Err(e) => return Err(InstallError::MetadataFailed(e).into()),
@ -776,10 +819,46 @@ fn copy(from: &Path, to: &Path, b: &Behavior) -> UResult<()> {
let accessed_time = FileTime::from_last_access_time(&meta);
match set_file_times(to, accessed_time, modified_time) {
Ok(_) => {}
Err(e) => show_error!("{}", e),
Ok(_) => Ok(()),
Err(e) => {
show_error!("{}", e);
Ok(())
}
}
}
/// Copy one file to a new location, changing metadata.
///
/// Returns a Result type with the Err variant containing the error message.
///
/// # Parameters
///
/// _from_ must exist as a non-directory.
/// _to_ must be a non-existent file, whose parent directory exists.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// If the copy system call fails, we print a verbose error and return an empty error value.
///
fn copy(from: &Path, to: &Path, b: &Behavior) -> UResult<()> {
if b.compare && !need_copy(from, to, b)? {
return Ok(());
}
// Declare the path here as we may need it for the verbose output below.
let backup_path = perform_backup(to, b)?;
copy_file(from, to)?;
#[cfg(not(windows))]
if b.strip {
strip_file(to, b)?;
}
set_ownership_and_permissions(to, b)?;
if b.preserve_timestamps {
preserve_timestamps(from, to)?;
}
if b.verbose {
print!("{} -> {}", from.quote(), to.quote());

136
src/uu/stat/src/stat.rs
View file

@ -205,7 +205,16 @@ struct Stater {
default_dev_tokens: Vec<Token>,
}
#[allow(clippy::cognitive_complexity)]
/// Prints a formatted output based on the provided output type, flags, width, and precision.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `output` - A reference to the OutputType enum containing the value to be printed.
/// * `flags` - A Flags struct containing formatting flags.
/// * `width` - The width of the field for the printed output.
/// * `precision` - An Option containing the precision value.
///
/// This function delegates the printing process to more specialized functions depending on the output type.
fn print_it(output: &OutputType, flags: Flags, width: usize, precision: Option<usize>) {
// If the precision is given as just '.', the precision is taken to be zero.
// A negative precision is taken as if the precision were omitted.
@ -236,22 +245,72 @@ fn print_it(output: &OutputType, flags: Flags, width: usize, precision: Option<u
// A sign (+ or -) should always be placed before a number produced by a signed conversion.
// By default, a sign is used only for negative numbers.
// A + overrides a space if both are used.
let padding_char = determine_padding_char(&flags, &precision);
let padding_char = if flags.zero && !flags.left && precision.is_none() {
match output {
OutputType::Str(s) => print_str(s, &flags, width, precision),
OutputType::Integer(num) => print_integer(*num, &flags, width, precision, padding_char),
OutputType::Unsigned(num) => print_unsigned(*num, &flags, width, precision, padding_char),
OutputType::UnsignedOct(num) => {
print_unsigned_oct(*num, &flags, width, precision, padding_char);
}
OutputType::UnsignedHex(num) => {
print_unsigned_hex(*num, &flags, width, precision, padding_char);
}
OutputType::Unknown => print!("?"),
}
}
/// Determines the padding character based on the provided flags and precision.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `flags` - A reference to the Flags struct containing formatting flags.
/// * `precision` - An Option containing the precision value.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// * Padding - An instance of the Padding enum representing the padding character.
fn determine_padding_char(flags: &Flags, precision: &Option<usize>) -> Padding {
if flags.zero && !flags.left && precision.is_none() {
Padding::Zero
} else {
Padding::Space
};
}
}
match output {
OutputType::Str(s) => {
/// Prints a string value based on the provided flags, width, and precision.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `s` - The string to be printed.
/// * `flags` - A reference to the Flags struct containing formatting flags.
/// * `width` - The width of the field for the printed string.
/// * `precision` - An Option containing the precision value.
fn print_str(s: &str, flags: &Flags, width: usize, precision: Option<usize>) {
let s = match precision {
Some(p) if p < s.len() => &s[..p],
_ => s,
};
pad_and_print(s, flags.left, width, Padding::Space);
}
OutputType::Integer(num) => {
}
/// Prints an integer value based on the provided flags, width, and precision.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `num` - The integer value to be printed.
/// * `flags` - A reference to the Flags struct containing formatting flags.
/// * `width` - The width of the field for the printed integer.
/// * `precision` - An Option containing the precision value.
/// * `padding_char` - The padding character as determined by `determine_padding_char`.
fn print_integer(
num: i64,
flags: &Flags,
width: usize,
precision: Option<usize>,
padding_char: Padding,
) {
let num = num.to_string();
let arg = if flags.group {
group_num(&num)
@ -270,8 +329,24 @@ fn print_it(output: &OutputType, flags: Flags, width: usize, precision: Option<u
precision = precision.unwrap_or(0)
);
pad_and_print(&extended, flags.left, width, padding_char);
}
OutputType::Unsigned(num) => {
}
/// Prints an unsigned integer value based on the provided flags, width, and precision.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `num` - The unsigned integer value to be printed.
/// * `flags` - A reference to the Flags struct containing formatting flags.
/// * `width` - The width of the field for the printed unsigned integer.
/// * `precision` - An Option containing the precision value.
/// * `padding_char` - The padding character as determined by `determine_padding_char`.
fn print_unsigned(
num: u64,
flags: &Flags,
width: usize,
precision: Option<usize>,
padding_char: Padding,
) {
let num = num.to_string();
let s = if flags.group {
group_num(&num)
@ -280,25 +355,54 @@ fn print_it(output: &OutputType, flags: Flags, width: usize, precision: Option<u
};
let s = format!("{s:0>precision$}", precision = precision.unwrap_or(0));
pad_and_print(&s, flags.left, width, padding_char);
}
OutputType::UnsignedOct(num) => {
}
/// Prints an unsigned octal integer value based on the provided flags, width, and precision.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `num` - The unsigned octal integer value to be printed.
/// * `flags` - A reference to the Flags struct containing formatting flags.
/// * `width` - The width of the field for the printed unsigned octal integer.
/// * `precision` - An Option containing the precision value.
/// * `padding_char` - The padding character as determined by `determine_padding_char`.
fn print_unsigned_oct(
num: u32,
flags: &Flags,
width: usize,
precision: Option<usize>,
padding_char: Padding,
) {
let prefix = if flags.alter { "0" } else { "" };
let s = format!(
"{prefix}{num:0>precision$o}",
precision = precision.unwrap_or(0)
);
pad_and_print(&s, flags.left, width, padding_char);
}
OutputType::UnsignedHex(num) => {
}
/// Prints an unsigned hexadecimal integer value based on the provided flags, width, and precision.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `num` - The unsigned hexadecimal integer value to be printed.
/// * `flags` - A reference to the Flags struct containing formatting flags.
/// * `width` - The width of the field for the printed unsigned hexadecimal integer.
/// * `precision` - An Option containing the precision value.
/// * `padding_char` - The padding character as determined by `determine_padding_char`.
fn print_unsigned_hex(
num: u64,
flags: &Flags,
width: usize,
precision: Option<usize>,
padding_char: Padding,
) {
let prefix = if flags.alter { "0x" } else { "" };
let s = format!(
"{prefix}{num:0>precision$x}",
precision = precision.unwrap_or(0)
);
pad_and_print(&s, flags.left, width, padding_char);
}
OutputType::Unknown => print!("?"),
}
}
impl Stater {