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53 lines
1.5 KiB
Markdown
53 lines
1.5 KiB
Markdown
## Name
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printf - format and print data
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## Synopsis
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```**sh
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$ printf <format> [arguments...]
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```
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## Description
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`printf` formats _argument_(s) according to _format_ and prints the result to standard output.
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_format_ is similar to the C printf format string, with the following differences:
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- The format specifier `b` (`%b`) is not supported.
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- The format specifiers that require a writable pointer (e.g. `n`) are not supported.
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- The format specifier `q` (`%q`) has a different behavior, where it shall print a given string as a quoted string, which is safe to use in shell inputs.
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- Common escape sequences are interpreted, namely the following:
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| escape | description |
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| :-: | :--- |
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| `\\\\`| literal backslash |
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| `\\"` | literal double quote |
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| `\\a` | alert (BEL) |
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| `\\b` | backspace |
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| `\\c` | Ends the format string |
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| `\\e` | escape (`\\x1b`) |
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| `\\f` | form feed |
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| `\\n` | newline |
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| `\\r` | carriage return |
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| `\\t` | tab |
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| `\\v` | vertical tab |
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The _format_ string is reapplied until all arguments are consumed, and a missing argument is treated as zero for numeric format specifiers, and an empty string for string format specifiers.
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## Examples
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```sh
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# print 64 as a hexadecimal number, with the starting '0x'
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$ printf '%#x' 64
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# prints "a0\n", ignoring everything after '\c'
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$ printf '%s%d\n\caaaa' a
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# prints "123400", as 'x' is an invalid number, and the missing argument for the last '%d' is treated as zero.
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$ printf '%d%d%d' 1 2 3 4 x
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```
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## See also
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* [`echo`(1)](help://man/1/echo)
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