mirror of
https://github.com/RGBCube/serenity
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122 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
122 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
## Name
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find - recursively search for files
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## Synopsis
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```**sh
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$ find [-L] [root-paths...] [commands...]
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```
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## Description
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`find` recursively traverses the file hierarchy starting at the given root paths
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(or at the current working directory if no root paths have been specified), and
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evaluates the given commands for each found file. The commands can be used to
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both filter the set of files and to perform actions on them.
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If no *action command* (`-print`, `-print0`, or `-exec`) is found among the
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specified commands, a `-print` command is implicitly appended.
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## Options
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* `-L`: Follow symlinks
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## Commands
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* `-maxdepth n`: Do not descend more than `n` levels below each path given on
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the command line. Specifying `-maxdepth 0` has the effect of only evaluating
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each command line argument.
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* `-mindepth n`: Descend `n` levels below each path given on the command line
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before executing any commands. Specifying `-mindepth 1` has the effect of
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processing all files except the command line arguments.
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* `-type t`: Checks if the file is of the specified type, which must be one of
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`b` (for block device), `c` (character device), `d` (directory), `l` (symbolic
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link), `p` (FIFO), `f` (regular file), and `s` (socket).
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* `-links [-|+]number`: Checks if the file has the given number of hard links.
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* `-user name`: Checks if the file is owned by the given user. Instead of a user
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name, a numerical UID may be specified.
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* `-group name`: Checks if the file is owned by the given group. Instead of a
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group name, a numerical GID may be specified.
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* `-size [-|+]number[bcwkMG]`: Checks if the file uses the specified `n` units of
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space rounded up to the nearest whole unit.
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The '+' and '-' prefixes denote greater than and less than, i.e an exact size
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of `n` units doesn't match. Sizes are always rounded up to the nearest unit,
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empty files, while the latter will match files from 0 to 1,048,575 bytes.
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The unit of space may be specified by any of these suffixes:
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* `b`: 512-byte blocks. This is the default unit if no suffix is used.
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* `c`: bytes
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* `w`: two-byte words
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* `k`: kibibytes (1024 bytes)
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* `M`: mebibytes (1024 kibibytes)
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* `G`: gibibytes (1024 mebibytes)
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* `-name pattern`: Checks if the file name matches the given global-style
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pattern (case sensitive).
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* `-empty`: File is either an empty regular file or a directory containing no
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files.
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* `-iname pattern`: Checks if the file name matches the given global-style
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pattern (case insensitive).
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* `-readable`: Checks if the file is readable by the current user.
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* `-writable`: Checks if the file is writable by the current user.
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* `-executable`: Checks if the file is executable, or directory is searchable,
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by the current user.
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* `-newer file`: Checks if the file last modification time is greater than that
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of the specified reference file. If `file` is a symbolic link and the `-L`
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option is in use, then the last modification time of the file pointed to by
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the symbolic link is used.
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* `-anewer file`: Checks if the file last access time is greater than that of
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the specified reference file. If `file` is a symbolic link and the `-L`
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option is in use, then the last access time of the file pointed to by the
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symbolic link is used.
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* `-cnewer file`: Checks if the file creation time is greater than that of
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the specified reference file. If `file` is a symbolic link and the `-L`
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option is in use, then the creation time of the file pointed to by the
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symbolic link is used.
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* `-gid [-|+]number`: Checks if the file is owned by a group with an ID less
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than, greater than or exactly `number`.
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* `-uid [-|+]number`: Checks if the file is owned by a user with an ID less
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than, greater than or exactly `number`.
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* `-print`: Outputs the file path, followed by a newline. Always evaluates to
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true.
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* `-print0`: Outputs the file path, followed by a zero byte. Always evaluates to
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true.
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* `-exec command... ;`: Executes the given command with any arguments provided,
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substituting the file path for any arguments specified as `{}`. The list of
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arguments must be terminated by a semicolon. Checks if the command exits
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successfully.
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The commands can be combined to form complex expressions using the following
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operators:
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* `! command`: Logical NOT.
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* `command1 -o command2`: Logical OR.
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* `command1 -a command2`, `command1 command2`: Logical AND.
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* `( command )`: Groups commands together for operator priority purposes.
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Commands which take a numeric argument `n` (`-links` and `-size` for example),
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may be prefixed by a plus sign ('+') or a minus sign ('-'). A plus sign means
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"grater than `n`", while a minus sign means "less than `n`". A numeric argument
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with no prefix means "exactly equal".
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## Examples
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```sh
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# Output a tree of paths rooted at the current directory:
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$ find
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# Output only directories:
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$ find -type d
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# Remove all sockets and any files owned by anon in /tmp:
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$ find /tmp "(" -type s -o -user anon ")" -exec rm "{}" ";"
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# Concatenate files with weird characters in their names:
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$ find -type f -print0 | xargs -0 cat
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# Find files with the word "config" in their name:
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$ find -name \*config\*
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```
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## See also
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* [`xargs`(1)](help://man/1/xargs)
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